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Although the friars lived together in a religious community, they did not follow the Rule of St Benedict like monks and their work was mainly outside in society, among the poor and the sick. For this reason most communities of friars were established within towns and many English towns and cities today have streets or areas called "Greyfriars", "Blackfriars" or "Whitefriars" as a result.

Monks could rarely leave their monastic precinct and many never set foot outside the cloister.

Friars were all mendicant, meaning that they survived on donations and by begging. Monks were fairly-self-sufficient by contrast, growing their own food crops and running extensive farming granges.

The colours of the habits worn by the friars also distinguished them from monks, who from the early 12th century wore either black habits (for Benedictines and Cluniacs) or undyed natural white wool habits (for Cistercians and Carthusians). The medieval friars wore the following:

  • Franciscans: brown or grey
  • Dominicans: black cloaks over white habits
  • Praemonstratensians: white
  • Austin friars: black cloaks over white habits
  • Carmelites: white cloaks over brown habits

Other distinctions were that friars always wore cord belts with three knots to remind them of their vows (monks did not need this reminder); they also wore sandals (monks wore shoes).

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Q: How were the Franciscans and other new orders different from older monastic orders?
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