5p, 5s
* Ground state electron configuration:[Ar].3d10.4s2.4p6 so...4s and 4p
2
Outer shell electrons are called valence electrons. They are involved in chemical reactions and determine the reactivity and bonding behavior of an atom. The concept of hybridization refers to the mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals, which can help explain the geometry of molecules.
Just as the valence electrons of atoms occupy atomic orbitals (AO), the shared electron pairs of covalently bonded atoms may be thought of as occupying molecular orbitals (MO).
Take the atomic number then subtract the amount of valence electrons. Example: Number of non valence (inner) electrons in Sulfur: 16 (atomic number) - 6 (valence electrons) = 10 (valence or inner electrons)
Krypton has 8 valence electrons.
valence electron are the electrons in the atoms outer most orbit making themselves avalible for bonding and different chemical interactions. a quick check to figure out how many valence electrons are present is to look at a periodic table, pick and element and elemental positions back to group one (excluding the transition metals. for example, N has 5 valence electrons carbon has 4 F has 7 note: when we say N has a valence of 3 its because 2 of the valence electrons are found in a pair leaving 3 electrons available for bonding. so N has 5 valence electrons and a "valence" of 3
silicon
The atomic number for nitrogen is 7. Neutral nitrogen must have both 7 electrons and 7 protons then. The first 7 orbitals are filled as 1s2 2s2 2p3, which shows us that nitrogen has 5 valence electrons.
Localized orbitals are wavefunctions that describe the electron distribution around a specific atom or group of atoms in a molecule. They are often used to understand chemical bonding and reactivity at a more detailed level compared to delocalized molecular orbitals. Examples of localized orbitals include atomic orbitals and hybrid orbitals.
For carbon (C): Atomic number 6, 4 valence electrons. For hydrogen (H): Atomic number 1, 1 valence electron. For nitrogen (N): Atomic number 7, 5 valence electrons. For oxygen (O): Atomic number 8, 6 valence electrons. For phosphorus (P): Atomic number 15, 5 valence electrons.
None, light is composed of photons. Light may be emitted or absorbed when electrons undergo transitions between atomic or molecular orbitals, but the light itself does not contain electrons.