Not that i can think of where you'd find a charger labeled for a 7.5 V battery, but - No.
A charger rated for a higher voltages won't know when to turn off, and if it's also pushing a higher charge current it's likely to overheat the battery.
No you should not do that. It will damage the battery and the battery will explode.
No. In general, a charger needs to be able to figure out when the battery has reached full charge, otherwise the charger can damage the battery by overcharging it. You need to use the specific charger required for the battery. And, if you are trying to power a non-battery device that requires 1A from a 5V 100mA source, you will not be able to maintain 5V, so it will not work there either.
Depends on the charging rate, in Amps, of your charger. Very simply, if the charger current is rated at 450mA, then a 450mAh battery would require 1 hour to charge. Take the batter rating (450mAh) divided by the charger current rating (450mA), which equals 1 hour. If the charger rating is only 100mA, then it would take 4.5 hours to charge the same battery.
yes
No! You need fewer cells for six volts. Most 9 volt batteries have six 1.5 volt cells, but a six volt battery has four 1.5 volt cells. In theory you could open the battery up and install a tap at the fourth cell, but that is pretty hard to do.
This is a measure of battery capacity. It relates to how long a battery can produce a certain amount of current. For example, a fully charged 1500 mAh battery can provide 100mA for 15 hours (or 50 mA for 30 hours or 200 mA for 7.5 hours, etc.) The battery rating is the capacity for a new battery. After many charge/discharge cycles, you will start to see a reduced capacity.Related note: The capacity of a battery doesn't relate to the maximum current you can draw from the battery - that depends on several factors including the type of battery, its size and construction. For example you might be able to safely draw 15 Amps from a hobby style 1500 mAh Lipo (Lithium Polymer), but don't try to get 15 Amps out of 1500 mAh AA Nicads.
sure, no problem! The power supplying device is rated as to its MAXIMUM current delivering capacity, so 100ma being less than 650ma, you could run up to 6 of those devices in parallel with that adapter. You should not try to run a 650ma device with a 100ma supply though.
You would need a 9V dc supply. The potential current output of you supply myst be greater than or equal to the current draw of the pedal. (100ma load on a 150ma supply: fine. 150ma load on a 100ma supply: bad.) With these conditions met you can just get another 9V snap and wire it to your supply. Remember, as you are connecting two snaps together, the polarity of the snap for your supply will be reversed. (Red is - and black is +) CHECK YOUR WORK! If you mix up the polarity, you could smoke your pedal. You can also make your own regulator with a LM317 voltage regulator from a higher supply. This will only work with another low voltage DC supply with a voltage output higher than 9V. It will not boost the voltage and will not work with line voltages. It is a common IC and many manufacturers make them. Check your pedal. Most of them have DC in jacks so you don't need to hook to the battery clip.
The 12 volt fan will draw 100 mA from a 12 volt battery. You don't need to do anything to reduce the current. Your battery rating is probably really 1100 mAh; 1100 milliAmp-hours. You should get 11 hours of operation from your 1100 mAh battery if your fan is only drawing 100 mA.
A series circuit has 100mA flowing through a 1.5kohm load. The power dissipated by the load is equivalent to 15 Watt. This is based on the formula, power is equals to square current times load.
Yes...(if I'm understanding your question correctly). You want to use the 600mA adaptor on a device that once used the 100mA adaptor? Yes....you can go higher with mA, but not lower.
Yes. Yes, you can replace a transformer with one that has a higher current rating. The load on the transformer should be less than 200mA because presumably that is what the circuit was designed for. Since the current through the transformer should be less than 200mA, the 500mA transformer will not be damaged. The opposite is not true. You should not replace a 200mA rated transformer with a 100mA transformer, for example. If the current exceeds 100mA, the transformer could fry.