You are in an extremely complicated legal situation. You need to contact an attorney immediately. If your father's girlfriend is on not on the deed you should change the locks immediately to prevent her from removing any property until the will can be probated and an executor appointed. It cannot emphasized enough that you need to speak with an attorney ASAP. It should have happened already. Your rights may depend on the terms in the will. However, no one has the right to take property until the will has been allowed by the court and the estate has been probated.
The girlfriend likely has some of her own property on the premises. It may be difficult to determine what property actually belongs to her but that is a complication of setting up housekeeping while unmarried.
The owner of a life insurance policy has the right to choose the beneficiary. Another person has no power to change that choice.
It is the responsibility of the person holding the life insurance policy to keep the beneficiary data updated as necessary. In the scenario in the question, the ex girlfriend was listed as the beneficiary ... and will be awarded the proceeds from the policy. Unfortunately, there is little the spouse can do to stop that. The beneficiary designation is binding and will hold up in a court of law.
In general, no. You only need a beneficiary for life insurance.
Yes, you can have a secondary beneficiary on your life insurance policy. If the primary beneficiary is no longer living when you pass away, the secondary beneficiary would receive the proceeds from your life insurance policy.
It depends, sometimes through a divorce the courts force him to have a life insurance policy when there are children involved. Besides that, any insured can change their beneficiary as long as there is an insurable interest.
beneficiary
The Insured can change the beneficiary on a life insurance contract.
No, the spouse is not. The beneficiary is named. There are laws that require the spouse to sign an acknowledgement that there is life insurance that she is not the beneficiary of.
If the girlfriend is still alive then she can change her beneficiary. If she died and didn't change her beneficiary then you may have a claim if her estate went to your father. You should speak to an attorney. You refer to a "policy holder" in your question as well as an "estate". If the subject is a life insurance policy and your father was the beneficiary but was deceased when the insured died then be aware that the girlfriend probably named a contingent beneficiary on her policy.
When referring to life insurance, a beneficiary is a person specified by the contract holder. This beneficiary will receive the benefits if the primary beneficiary has died at the time the benefit is to be paid.
The purchaser of an insurance policy names the beneficiary.
In regards to life insurance, contingent usually means secondary. For example a contingent beneficiary is a secondary beneficiary, not the primary beneficiary. The contingent beneficiary would receive the proceeds from a life insurance policy if the primary beneficiary were not alive when the insured person dies.