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What antigens are the most important in the Rhesus blood group system?
Kooikeria
antigen D is the most important
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
Wiki User
∙ 7y agoThey are antigen D, C, c, E, and e.
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What is the difference between negative and positive blood types?
Negative and Positive blood types refer to the presence of the Rhesus D (RhD) antigen. Rhesus is the second main blood group typing after the A,B,O system. e.g. AB+ means the blood cells have A and B and RhD antigens present on the blood cell surface. O- means that A and B and RhD antigens are not present on the surface of the blood cell.
How is the rhesus monkey related to blood research?
The Rh blood type antigen was first identified in rhesus monkeys. The 3 blood type antigens important for blood transfusions success are named: A, B, and Rh and result in types: AB+, AB-, A+, A-, B+, B-, O+, and O- in different combinations.
What are Rh antigens?
They are a type of antigen that some people carry on their red blood cells. They are called "rhesus" because they were initially identified and studied on the red blood cells of rhesus monkeys, then were later also found in humans. If a person has Rh+ blood type they have this antigen, if a person has Rh- blood type they do not. They are important in blood transfusions in that a person with Rh+ blood type can receive either Rh+ or Rh- blood with no problems, but a person with Rh- blood type can only receive Rh- blood (Rh+ blood could kill him when antibodies from his immune system attack the rhesus antigen, causing massive blood clotting). They are important in pregnancy in that a woman with Rh- blood type has a much higher chance of miscarriage if her baby has Rh+ blood type. Note: there are roughly 30 different classes of blood type antigens, not just the familiar A, B, and Rh antigens. Most however are very rare.
What is the difference between blood group a and blood group b?
Blood type AA+= blood contains substance A and the rhesus (Rh) factorA-= blood contains substance A but does not contain the rhesus (Rh) factorBlood type BB+= blood contains substance B and the rhesus (Rh) factorB-= blood contains substance B but does not contain the rhesus (Rh) factor
What is the antigen?
The Kell Antigen system is a system of antigens on the surface of human's red blood cells. The antigens are the distinguishing factor in the human blood type and also important for the immunology of the human body.
What is c antigen?
"C antigen is an antigen in the Rhesus blood grouping system. This blood group system is associated with over 40 antigens which may or may not be present in a someone's blood, determining her or his place in this system. The most famous Rhesus antigen is the D antigen, sometimes called the Rhesus factor, which can cause complications in pregnancy. Blood analysis for C antigen can be performed in a lab which has the serotyping tools necessary to identify the presence of this antigen in the blood. As with some other antigens associated with blood types, the C antigen can create a blood incompatibility which may cause problems during pregnancy or with blood transfusions. If someone does not have this antigen and she or he is exposed to the blood of someone who does, C antibodieswill develop. With the next exposure, a coagulation reaction will occur in the blood. For this reason, it is important to avoid transfusing C positive blood into people who do not have the antigen.Whereas most blood types are determined by red cell antigens that differ by one or two amino acids, the Rh blood group contains the D antigen which differs from th"e C/c and E/e antigens by 35 amino acids. This large difference in amino acids is the reason why the Rh antigens are potent at stimulating an immune response
What does plus and - stand for in blood group?
positive and negative stands for either Rhesus Positive or Rhesus negative which means that a persons Red blood cells (RBC) either have D antigens on their cell surface membranes or not. a person who is Rhesus negative will have D Antibodies in the blood plasma and can only be given Rhesus negative blood types in a blood transfusion. Rhesus positive blood types can be given either D+ or D- in a blood transfusion as they have no D antibodies in their blood plasma. hope this helps
What is the kell antigen?
The Kell Antigen system is a system of antigens on the surface of human's red blood cells. The antigens are the distinguishing factor in the human blood type and also important for the immunology of the human body.
Can Rh negative patient receive Rh negative blood?
No. Blood type is determined by a couple of things. The first are the antigens present on the red blood cells. This is where you get A, B, and AB blood types. If you lack either A or B antigens, you have an O blood type. The +/- refers only to the Rhesus factor D, or RhD. It does not refer to other rhesus factors that are not considered in blood type. With this factor, you either have it on your blood cells (+) or you do not (-). It is impossible to have a positive blood type and not have rhesus factor D because that would be a complete contradiction to the naming system.
Why does haemolytic disease of the newborn not occur in rhesus positive mothers with a rhesus negative baby?
HDN only occurs in rhesus negative women who have been sensitized by positive blood. Rhesus positive mother can have a rhesus negative baby. In rhesus positive group, they have the antigen Rh. When this antigen from baby enters mother's blood circulation, because of inutero bleed in pregnancy; mother's blood cells will react to the foreign antigen and produce antibodies which are harmful to the baby's blood cells when they cross the placenta and enter baby's blood stream. These antibodies will break baby's blood cells down causing haemolytic disease. Whereas in rhesus positive mother with negative baby, if baby's blood enters mother's circultaion it will not produce any antibodies as there are no antigens in Rh negative blood. And if mother's blood mixes with baby's blood in the womb, baby will not have the ability to produce antibodies as their immune system is not developed. So there is no chance for haemolytic disease.
What makes blood types different from each other?
Everyone's blood cells have the same cell architecture and functional components (all blood cells are biconcave disks and contain hemoglobin unless there is a genetic disorder). However, the blood types are the result of different antigens (proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids) on the surface of the blood cells. The most frequently seen A, B, AB and O blood system is caused by different carbohydrate antigens. People with type A have type A antigen, people with type B have type B antigen, people with type AB have both antigens, and people with type O have no antigens. These antigens facilitate rejection of blood by activating the immune system. It turns out that the immune system in a person whose blood does not have the antigen type in the transfusion blood recognizes the transfusion blood as foreign. This elicits an immune response to eliminate the 'invaders' and can result in the clumping of transfused blood cells due to antibody binding, causing the clogging of smaller vessels. Other blood type systems such as the Rhesus system involve other groups antigens on blood cell surfaces.
Is a persons blood type genetically determined?
Yes. Blood type is determined by the antigens present on the surfaces of red blood cells. There are three types of antigen, A, B and Rhesus. O blood types have neither A or B antigens. A types have A, B have B, and AB have both. Positive blood types have rhesus antigens, and negative blood types do not. Which antigens are produced is genetically determined.
