B
arfasasr
Strategic decisions, which affect the long-term direction of the entire company, are typically made by top managers.
1. Explain in what sense the top management takes decisions for a company and in what sense it does not takes the strategic decisions for a company alone? Illustrate with suitable examples.
An organization's culture can have a lot of impact on how that organization's management makes and executes decisions. If senior management second guesses management's decisions, or expects them to be right 100 % of the time, then management will either not make decisions, deferring all of the decisions to senior management, or be overly conservative in making decisions. An overly conservative management team could be afraid of trying new strategies/directions. Ideally a management team should be encouraged to get all of the information possible, then make the best decision/plan they can, and work that plan. You can work to minimize risk, but in the end you make a decision, and if it works, great, build on that, and if it doesn't work, try to find out why and learn from it. If management feels overly criticized for dissappointing results, they will shy away from "trying anything different." On the other hand, if senior management does not follow up on decisions, for example if the team agrees to try something, but does not come up with a way to measure if what they tried was successful, or never goes back and reviews the outcome, then you may get bad decisions. Either they will never find out what works and what doesn't, or they will grow frustrated because "nothing we do seems to work". Ideally, the best culture will encourage a certain amount of risk, while at the same time having structure in place to minimize that risk. Most importantly, the culture will seek to analyze how bad decisions are made, and not just seek to penalyze the people making those bad decisions.
steve jobs
Operational decisions focus on day-to-day activities within the company and are typically made by lower-level managers.
It should be noted that in many "flatter" organizations, where the middle management level has been eliminated, both tactical and operational decisions are made by lower-level management and/or teams of employees.
Financial Management Board
arfasasr
Tactical decisions, which focus on more intermediate-term issues, are typically made by middle managers.
Non-programmed decisions are used for new, unstructured and badly defined problems, which are non-recurring. These decisions require subjective judgement. The top-level of management makes these decisions.
Strategic decisions, which affect the long-term direction of the entire company, are typically made by top managers.
1. Explain in what sense the top management takes decisions for a company and in what sense it does not takes the strategic decisions for a company alone? Illustrate with suitable examples.
Not really. Lumberjacks just cut down trees. They don't really make management decisions. They just do what they are told. Someone else makes management decisions that determine the fate of the forest.
who makes australia's economic decisions
The front part of the brain makes decisions.
the government makes all the decisions, he is a dictator