to let water pass over the gills
A:The trial of Jesus before the Sanhedrin is in the synoptic gospels: Matthew 26:57-66, Mark 14:53-64, Luke 22:66-71. In Matthew and Mark, the trial takes place soon after Jesus is arrested at midnight, but in Luke the priests wait until daybreak, since the Sanhedrin would never have met during hours of darkness to try Jesus. John's Gospel does not have a trial before the Sanhedrin, but has Jesus taken first to the house of Annas, father-in-law to the high priest, who interrogated him alone. Then Jesus was taken to the house of the high priest, Caiaphas, who again interviewed Jesus alone.
The synoptic gospels (Matthew, Mark and Luke) say that they took Jesus to the Sanhedrin for trial at 3:00 o'clock in the morning, then to Pontius Pilate at 6:00 o'clock. After his trial, he was taken to Calvary for crucifixion and placed on the cross at 9:00 o'clock.John's Gospel is in basic agreement, but the author recognised that the Sanhedrin would never have met during hours of darkness to try Jesus, resolving this by eliminating the first trial and merely having Jesus taken separately before Annas and then Caiaphas, before being taken to Pontius Pilate.
He was publicly executed by crucifixion after a trial by the Jewish Sanhedrin judicial council, with the consent of the Roman governor. I thought that the sword by the Roman Solider killed him.
The Sanhedrin
Jesus was taken to the Sanhedrin after his arrest because the Jewish religious leaders wanted to question him about his teachings and perceived blasphemous claims. They sought to find evidence to charge him with crimes punishable by Roman law.
Jesus had no formal relationship with the Sanhedrin. To the Sanhedrin Jesus was a problem His popularity with people, His miracles and His claims to authority made the religious officials in Jerusalem nervous; Jesus' approach to Sabbath practice, healings, exorcisms, and sinners ended up challenging the existing religious structure of Judaism. So members of the Sanhedrin plotted to get rid of Jesus. Matthew 26:59 Now the chief priests, the elders, and all the council sought false testimony against Jesus to put Him to death,
Because that is something that never happened. The complete lack of record of Jesus in the Talmud highlights that he was of no concern to the Sanhedrin.
His first trial was by Annas and then the High Priest Caiaphas after being sent to him by Annas - Caiaphas' father-in-law. This took place in the courtyard of the High Priest's house near the temple precincts. Next he was sent to the Roman governor, Pontius Pilate, in his palace within the walls of the city. Realising that Jesus was innocent he passed the buck to Herod, the puppet King, as Jesus was a Galilean and therefore under Herod's jurisdiction. So the next trial took place in Herod's palace. Unfortunately for the religious leaders the death sentence was permitted only with the permission of Pilate. Finally Jesus was sent back to Pilate at his palace for the trial that would result in his crucifixion.
Sanhedrin
No he was arrested by the Sanhedrin, a council of Jewish judges.
Caiaphas was the High Priest at the time of Jesus' death (Matthew 26:57). In the Gospel of John 18:12-14, we see that Jesus was taken first to Annas. Annas had been the High Priest from A.D. 6-15. Annas was still a powerful man and many still considered him High Priest. Caiaphas was Annas' son-in-law. Also 5 of Annas' sons were High Priest at one time or another. This once priestly office was contaminated greatly politically. Jesus was taken to Annas first to stall for time so that the full Sanhedrin could be gathered at Caiaphas' house for the trial of Jesus.
Yes, some believe it began in 76 BC and the last binding Sanhedrin was 358 AD. Jesus lived between 5/4 BC to 31 AD.