It was designed to protect manufacturing industry, which was all in the North.
The South were the ones who needed the imports, and they felt that this was the North taxing the South.
The South relied on imported goods as it was an agriculturally based economy. The North, with its industrial basis, favored high duties on imported goods so that it could sell its manufactured goods to the South.
Southern Planters apposed the tariff of 1816 because it made products more expensive. It made cheap English products around the same price as American ones to protect American manufacturing. Due to the rise in prices the South apposed this tariff because it only made losses for them due to their majority of agriculture as a method of making money.
McKinley Tariff
Hawley Smoot Tariff
What caused this was South Carolina's Ordinance of Nullification in 1832
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passing a tariff on sugar
The Tariff of 1832 was a protectionist tariff in the United States. It was passed as a reduced tariff to remedy the conflict created by the tariff of 1828, but it was still deemed unsatisfactory by southerners and other groups hurt by high tariff rates. Southern opposition to this tariff and its predecessor, the Tariff of Abominations, caused the Nullification Crisis involving South Carolina. The tariff was later lowered down to 35 percent, a reduction of 10 percent, to pacify these objections. This was still not satisfactory, and the Tariff of 1833 resulted.
the hawley-smoot tariff caused other countries to retaliate, so markets for American goods dried up
the hawley-smoot tariff caused other countries to retaliate, so markets for American goods dried up
The Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act split the Republican party into the Progressives and the Old Guard. The split caused a loss in the next election.
The Hawley-Smoot Tariff raised import duties so American jobs could be protected in farming and business, including imports. The tariff raised by 20% , which caused foreign countries to make their own tariffs against the U.S. and raising their own tariffs.http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/550096/Smoot-Hawley-Tariff-Act