Primase
A sequence of three nucleotides in a DNA molecule is called a codon. Each codon codes for a specific amino acid or a signaling function in protein synthesis.
DNA synthesis is catalyzed by enzymes called DNA polymerases. These enzymes are responsible for assembling new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to the growing chain during DNA replication.
tRNA (transfer RNA) molecule is divided into groups of three consecutive nucleotides called codons. Each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid during protein synthesis.
The nucleotides in tRNA are called ribonucleotides. Each tRNA molecule consists of a sequence of these ribonucleotides, which include adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U). These nucleotides are essential for the tRNA's function in translating mRNA sequences into amino acids during protein synthesis. Additionally, the specific sequence of nucleotides allows tRNA to recognize and bind to corresponding codons on mRNA.
a nucleic acid
This arrangement is called a codon.In DNA and RNA a group of three nucleotides in a row is called a codon. In tRNA a group of three nucleotides is called an anticodon.
The sugar molecule found in DNA nucleotides is called deoxyribose.
A large molecule made of nucleotides is called DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). These nucleic acids contain long chains of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of genetic information in living organisms.
Nucleotides in a single strand of a DNA molecule are linked together by strong chemical bonds called phosphodiester bonds. These bonds connect the sugar and phosphate groups of adjacent nucleotides, forming a long chain that makes up the DNA molecule.
The portion of a DNA molecule that describes a complete polypeptide chain is called a gene. Genes are specific sequences of nucleotides that contain the instructions for making specific proteins during the process of protein synthesis.
To build a DNA molecule, one must first gather the necessary building blocks called nucleotides, which are made up of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. These nucleotides are then linked together in a specific sequence to form the double helix structure of DNA. This process can be done in a laboratory setting using techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or gene synthesis.
transcription:"the first step in protein synthesis, a sequence of nucleotide bases becomes exposed in an unwound region of a DNA strand. That sequence acts as a template upon which a single strand of RNA - a transcript - is synthesized from free nucleotides."The synthesis of an RNA molecule from the DNA template strand is called transcription.