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Economic reasons
- Social instability of the country such as the Perak Wars that lead to instability that affected its economic activities such as trade.
· Spice trade (alternative route. Western Asia monopoly)
è New trading base. ( Lucrative Indian- Chinese trade route)
· Industrial Revolution
èNeed for raw materials e.g. coal, tin &rubber (cash crop)
èTin
Canning industry
èSought new markets.
(ensure access, Germany negotiating bases in Pulau Langkawi & Northern Malaya)
èOpening to Suez Canal
Ø Outposts for British ships.
Ø Existing had piracy
Ø threat
· Social unrest
èWar among tin miners
The Larut wars among tin miners. Rich desposits fund in Perak and Selangor large numbers of Chinese immigrants were recruited to work in the mines. These labourers were managed by SECRET SOCIETIEs that settled disputes and negotiated wages for them.
No proper land surveyà demarcate mines. Chinese miners fought over the control of tin mines and water courses.
E.g. Ghee Hins and Hai Sins.
During 1861-1873, secret societies war over the control of the tin areas. In 1865, 1000 Ghee Hin members from Larut fled to Penang after attack by Hai Sins.
èSuccession disputes
No clear rule on order of succession.
v Not always given to the first born.
v Rulers had many wives
v Thus, much tension and conflict.
Sultan Ali Yusof death 1871
- Raja Abdullah
- Raja Ismail
- Raja Yusof
This lead to a power struggle.
It was a combination of this and the tin wars which put-off tin merchants due to the chaos that caused the British intervention to PROTECT British investments from STRONG demands from merchants.
Influential people invested and did business in Malaya (esp merchants) wanted British to colonise Malaya to impose Law and Order to ensure the safety of their businesses and for undisrupted trade was disrupted
Political
· Build British empire
è"forward movement"
èThreat from other powers (Germany)
Maintain an edge, gain foothold
Social
"for the greater good"
referred to as the "white man's burden" but was obviously Propaganda.
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
Wiki User
∙ 12y ago1. Malay rulers who were residents of the Japanese occupation were accused of collaboration with the Japanese.
2. the Malay rulers were threatened with dethronement.
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