WHAT CAUSED various things in the world to come into being from the story of the world on the turtles back?

Answer 1

That depends on whether you are talking Hindu mythology, Chinese mythology, Lenape mythology, or Terry Pratchett.

Hindu - In order to regain their immortality the fallen gods churned the Ocean of milk with a mountain. Fourteen precious things arose from the turbulent ocean, culminating with Dhanvantari, the physician of the gods,

Chinese - the creator goddess Nüwa cut the legs off the giant sea turtle Ao (Chinese: 鳌; pinyin: áo) and used them to prop up the sky after Gong Gong damaged Mount Buzhou, which had previously supported the heavens.

Lenape - Sky Woman fell down to the earth when it was covered with water. Various animals tried to swim to the bottom of the ocean to bring back dirt to create land. Muskrat succeeded in gathering dirt, which was placed on the back of a turtle, which grew into the land known today as North America. In the Seneca language, the mythical turtle is called Hah-nu-nah, while the name for an everyday turtle is ha-no-wa.

Terry Prachett - too convoluted to explain here - read his Discworld books.