In a ligation reaction, the speed of the reaction is determined by the concentration of the substrate. PEG in a ligation reaction is a complex hydrophobic molecule that takes up most of the space in the reactions crowding the aqueous DNA and ligase. The less space available for DNA and ligase makes the reaction much more efficient.
In lysis buffer urea denature the protein and increase the solubility of protein.
It is called a buffer. Depending on the reaction and reactants it could be any kind of acid or base that has the right characteristics to play the role of a buffer.
for cell lysis
what is the function of sorbitol in producing plant protoplasts
Tris is used as a buffering agent in the elution buffer.
Buffer solutions resist the change in PH
buffer solutions resists change in PH
In lysis buffer urea denature the protein and increase the solubility of protein.
to disrupt cell membranes
It is called a buffer. Depending on the reaction and reactants it could be any kind of acid or base that has the right characteristics to play the role of a buffer.
TE buffer is a often used as a buffer solution in molecular biology, mainly in procedures involving DNA or RNA. The purpose of TE buffer is to solubilize DNA or RNA, while protecting it from degradation.
It is used to buffer the medium (there is some phosphate buffer in medium too). the carbonate/hydrocarbonat buffer in medium is in equilibrium with the CO2 in the incubator (usually set on 5%)
for cell lysis
To protect protein during thawing and freezing
Disodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate has the role of a buffer in some insulin receipts.
To Prevent Possible protease contamination
In this case sodium chloride form an isotonic solution.