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Were people beheaded for making eye contact with emperor hirohito?
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How is Emperor Hirohito remembered today?
Emperor Hirohito is remembered as one of the three main Axis leaders in World War II: Hirohito was the leader of Imperial Japan, while Hitler was the leader of Nazi Germany, and Mussolini the leader of Fascist Italy. However, there is considerable controversy about Hirohito's war responsibility among the historians, because of many elements of opaqueness and secrecy around a personage considered as a "living god" at that time, and because of a whitewash of his public image made in consideration of the geostrategic interests of the United States after the war. Nevertheless, since Hirohito's death many documents have come to light and a growing number of historians asserts that Hirohito played an active role in the Japanese wartime politics. He ruled as the head and coordinator of an oligarchy with a pluralistic decision-making process. Books like "The Age of Hirohito: In Search of Modern Japan" by Daikichi Irokawa; "Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan" by Herbert P. Bix; and "The People's Emperor: Democracy and the Japanese Monarchy, 1945-1995" by Kenneth J. Ruoff" (despite of its title, it includes a great deal of information about Hirohito's role in wartime government, and it explains clearly the Japanese decision-making process, including the active involvement of the emperor) are very useful to this matter. Also, documentaries as "Hirohito's War" of the documentary series "Secrets of War", or "Emperor Hirohito" (BBC, 2005), are very informative.
Why was Emperor Hirohito like Hitler and Mussolini?
Because he was one of the Axis leaders. Hitler was the leader of Nazi Germany, Mussolini was the leader of Fascist Italy and Hirohito was the leader of Imperial Japan. The only possible nuance is that the first two were Western-style dictators, while Hirohito ruled as head of an oligarchy with a pluralistic decision-making process in which the emperor was actively involved and in which he solved all possible dissents. It's interesting to note that in April 1942, when eight pilots of Doolittle squadron were captured by the Japanese in China, the chief of Staff, Gen. Sugiyama wanted to execute all of them and Prime Minister Tojo wanted to keep them alive. As none of them could prevail over the other, Emperor Hirohito intervened and ordered that three of the pilots were executed and the other five were kept alive. The order was fulfilled, and the excution of the three pilots outraged the Americans, which launched a propaganda campaign directly linking the image of Hirohito with that of Hitler and Mussolini. For more information, I recommend to you "The Age of Hirohito: In Search of Modern Japan" by Daikichi Irokawa; "Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan" by Herbert P. Bix"; and "The People's Emperor: Democracy and the Japanese Monarchy, 1945-1995" by Kenneth J. Ruoff" (despite of its title, it includes a great deal of information about Hirohito's role in wartime government, and it explains clearly the Japanese decision-making process, including the active involvement of the emperor).
Why did emperor Hirohito become emperor?
There is considerable controversy around Hirohito among historians, around the exact extent of the Emperor's accountability for the war itself and the war crimes, but it is clear now that the old stereotype of Hirohito as a "powerless figurehead" is not correct. According to these authors, Hirohito played a more active role during World War II than it was believed during the Cold War years. For example, Kenneth J. Ruoff, Director of the Center for Japanese Studies, Portland State University, in his book "The People's Emperor: Democracy and the Japanese Monarchy, 1945-1995" or Irokawa Daikichi in "The Age of Hirohito: In Search of Modern Japan", Awaya Kentaro, or Herbert P. Bix in "Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan", all concluding Hirohito played a very active role in Japan's war politics and strategy. About Tojo, Sir Max Hastings asserts that Allied propaganda portrayed Tojo as a dictator in the mold of Hitler and Mussolini, but the reality is that Tojo had less authority in Japan than Churchill had in Britain.
Should Japanese emperor hirohito have been held responsible for japan's world war 2 actions?
No, because although the world thought the Japanese Emperor held complete power it was in fact the nationalist government and the prime minister (Hideki Tojo) who had the real power and were responsible for everything Japan did during the war for example the ministers would plan an invasion and then show it to the emperor to see if he would say yes or no but unfortunately the emperor would not know what an invasion entailed so he was unwillingly saying yes to actions that would cause the deaths of thousands of people, but in the end Tojo was held responsible and executed at the International Military Tribunal for the far East.
Did hirohito had power?
Yes, Hirohito had real power in World War 2. Historians such as Akira Fujiwara and Peter Wetzler, based on the primary sources and the monumental work of Shiro Hara have produced evidence suggesting that the Emperor worked through intermediaries to exercise a great deal of control over the military and was neither bellicose nor a pacifist, but an opportunist who governed in a pluralistic decision-making process. American historian Herbert P. Bix argues that Emperor Shōwa might have been the prime mover of most of the events of the two wars.
How is Emperor Hirohito remembered today?
Emperor Hirohito is remembered as one of the three main Axis leaders in World War II: Hirohito was the leader of Imperial Japan, while Hitler was the leader of Nazi Germany, and Mussolini the leader of Fascist Italy. However, there is considerable controversy about Hirohito's war responsibility among the historians, because of many elements of opaqueness and secrecy around a personage considered as a "living god" at that time, and because of a whitewash of his public image made in consideration of the geostrategic interests of the United States after the war. Nevertheless, since Hirohito's death many documents have come to light and a growing number of historians asserts that Hirohito played an active role in the Japanese wartime politics. He ruled as the head and coordinator of an oligarchy with a pluralistic decision-making process. Books like "The Age of Hirohito: In Search of Modern Japan" by Daikichi Irokawa; "Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan" by Herbert P. Bix; and "The People's Emperor: Democracy and the Japanese Monarchy, 1945-1995" by Kenneth J. Ruoff" (despite of its title, it includes a great deal of information about Hirohito's role in wartime government, and it explains clearly the Japanese decision-making process, including the active involvement of the emperor) are very useful to this matter. Also, documentaries as "Hirohito's War" of the documentary series "Secrets of War", or "Emperor Hirohito" (BBC, 2005), are very informative.
Why was Emperor Hirohito like Hitler and Mussolini?
Because he was one of the Axis leaders. Hitler was the leader of Nazi Germany, Mussolini was the leader of Fascist Italy and Hirohito was the leader of Imperial Japan. The only possible nuance is that the first two were Western-style dictators, while Hirohito ruled as head of an oligarchy with a pluralistic decision-making process in which the emperor was actively involved and in which he solved all possible dissents. It's interesting to note that in April 1942, when eight pilots of Doolittle squadron were captured by the Japanese in China, the chief of Staff, Gen. Sugiyama wanted to execute all of them and Prime Minister Tojo wanted to keep them alive. As none of them could prevail over the other, Emperor Hirohito intervened and ordered that three of the pilots were executed and the other five were kept alive. The order was fulfilled, and the excution of the three pilots outraged the Americans, which launched a propaganda campaign directly linking the image of Hirohito with that of Hitler and Mussolini. For more information, I recommend to you "The Age of Hirohito: In Search of Modern Japan" by Daikichi Irokawa; "Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan" by Herbert P. Bix"; and "The People's Emperor: Democracy and the Japanese Monarchy, 1945-1995" by Kenneth J. Ruoff" (despite of its title, it includes a great deal of information about Hirohito's role in wartime government, and it explains clearly the Japanese decision-making process, including the active involvement of the emperor).
Why did emperor Hirohito become emperor?
There is considerable controversy around Hirohito among historians, around the exact extent of the Emperor's accountability for the war itself and the war crimes, but it is clear now that the old stereotype of Hirohito as a "powerless figurehead" is not correct. According to these authors, Hirohito played a more active role during World War II than it was believed during the Cold War years. For example, Kenneth J. Ruoff, Director of the Center for Japanese Studies, Portland State University, in his book "The People's Emperor: Democracy and the Japanese Monarchy, 1945-1995" or Irokawa Daikichi in "The Age of Hirohito: In Search of Modern Japan", Awaya Kentaro, or Herbert P. Bix in "Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan", all concluding Hirohito played a very active role in Japan's war politics and strategy. About Tojo, Sir Max Hastings asserts that Allied propaganda portrayed Tojo as a dictator in the mold of Hitler and Mussolini, but the reality is that Tojo had less authority in Japan than Churchill had in Britain.
Should Japanese emperor hirohito have been held responsible for japan's world war 2 actions?
No, because although the world thought the Japanese Emperor held complete power it was in fact the nationalist government and the prime minister (Hideki Tojo) who had the real power and were responsible for everything Japan did during the war for example the ministers would plan an invasion and then show it to the emperor to see if he would say yes or no but unfortunately the emperor would not know what an invasion entailed so he was unwillingly saying yes to actions that would cause the deaths of thousands of people, but in the end Tojo was held responsible and executed at the International Military Tribunal for the far East.
What are 2 social changes made by emperor hirohito?
Following World War II, Emperor Hirohito enacted social changes that changed the way the monarchy would be viewed, and empowered an important part of the Japanese population. First, he gave women equal rights. They had long been regarded as inferior to men, with very few rights. He denied a long held belief of the Japanese Emperor that he was divine. He attempted to make himself more accessible to the Japanese people by making impromptu visits and meeting with them.
What kind of terrible acts did Emperor Hirohito do?
He supported the generals who bombed Pearl Harbor, created concentration camps, killed civilians and took islands making slaves of the population, the Bantan Death March of POW soldiers, and other events.
What role did Hirohito played in World War 2?
There is considerable controversy around Hirohito among historians, around the exact extent of the Emperor's accountability for the war itself and the war crimes, but it is clear now that the old stereotype of Hirohito as a "powerless figurehead" is not correct. According to these authors, Hirohito played a more active role during World War II than it was believed during the Cold War years. For example, Kenneth J. Ruoff, Director of the Center for Japanese Studies, Portland State University, in his book "The People's Emperor: Democracy and the Japanese Monarchy, 1945-1995" or Irokawa Daikichi in "The Age of Hirohito: In Search of Modern Japan", Awaya Kentaro, or Herbert P. Bix in "Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan", all concluding Hirohito played a very active role in Japan's war politics and strategy. About Tojo, Sir Max Hastings asserts that Allied Propaganda portrayed Tojo as a dictator in the mold of Hitler and Mussolini, but the reality is that Tojo had less authority in Japan than Churchill had in Britain.
How was Hideki a nationalistic?
I presume Hideki is referred to Hideki Tojo, Japanese Prime Minister between October, 1941 and July, 1944. Hideki Tojo was a fervent nationalist: he belonged to the military faction Toseiha (Control Faction), a group opposed to the Kodoha (Imperial Way Faction). The Toseiha (including Tojo) defended a coordinated action between the military, the civilian politicians and the zaibatsu, under the supreme authority of the Emperor. The Kodoha was a revolutionary faction which proposed a so called "Showa Restoration" to build a military and anticapitalist regime (these two factions had only in common nationalist and expansionist ideas). The Kodoha attempted a coup in February, 1936, and Tojo took part in crushing it. Tojo was known as an efficient bureaucrat and as a deep devotee to the Imperial Institution. He fanatically revered the Emperor. Tojo worshiped Emperor Hirohito and sought to protect him all his life. His last service to his Emperor was to take all the blame for the war in the processes for war crimes. Hirohito heaped praise on Tojo even in his "Monologue" of March, 1946, for serving him loyally. Two very useful books with information on Tojo and his fanatical devotion to the Emperor are "Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan", by Herbert P. Bix and "Hirohito and War: Imperial Tradition and Military Decision Making in Prewar Japan", by Peter Wetzler.
Did hirohito had power?
Yes, Hirohito had real power in World War 2. Historians such as Akira Fujiwara and Peter Wetzler, based on the primary sources and the monumental work of Shiro Hara have produced evidence suggesting that the Emperor worked through intermediaries to exercise a great deal of control over the military and was neither bellicose nor a pacifist, but an opportunist who governed in a pluralistic decision-making process. American historian Herbert P. Bix argues that Emperor Shōwa might have been the prime mover of most of the events of the two wars.
What was hirohito's goals?
The Japanese felt that they were a superior race and the intention was to express that by conquering the world and being the dominant nation. Hirohito's intention was to make sure that happened.
What was emperor hirohito about?
Hirohito was the 124th Emperor of Japan from December 25, 1926 to January 7, 1989. He was previously Regent from 1921 to 1926. He chose "Showa" ("Enlightened Peace") as name of his reign era. Between 1926 and 1945, Hirohito was revered as a "living god". The Emperor ruled over Japan as leader of an oligarchy with a pluralistic decision making process. Hirohito governed by arbitration, seeking consensus within the oligarchy. When it was not possible to forge consensus, the Emperor had the power to resolve it by imposing a decision (for example, in 1942 Hirohito imposed the execution of three captive American airmen of the Doolittle Squadron [against the wishes of the Prime Minister, Gen. Tojo, who wanted to keep alive all the eight prisoners], and keeping alive the other five [against the wishes of the Chief of Staff of the Army, Gen. Sugiyama, who wanted to execute all of them]). Hirohito ruled Japan during the Japanese expansion in East Asia and during World War II. As for his attitude regarding the start of the war, Prince Konoe (Prime Minister from 1937 to 1939 and from 1940 to 1941) told his chief cabinet secretary, Kenji Tomita: "Of course His Majesty is a pacifist, and there is no doubt he wished to avoid war. When I told him that to initiate war was a mistake, he agreed. But the next day, he would tell me: "You were worried about it yesterday, but you do not have to worry so much." Thus, gradually, he began to lean toward war. And the next time I met him, he leaned even more toward war. In short, I felt the Emperor was telling me: my prime minister does not understand military matters, I know much more. In short, the Emperor had absorbed the view of the army and navy high commands". After Japan's defeat by the United States, the American occupying forces let him keep his throne in exchange of his acceptance of a new Constitution which stripped him of his former powers and "divinity". The Americans considered the survival of the Imperial Institution as an essential tool for a stable occupation of Japan and to prevent a hypothetical communist rise in that country. Hirohito became a "symbolic" Emperor under the new Constitution until his death in 1989. He was succeeded by his son Akihito.
When was Making Contact - album - created?
Making Contact - album - was created in 1982-08.
