How did imperialist European powers claim control over Africa by the end of 1800?

Answer 1

European countries were the most technologically advanced countries at the time. Africa was virtually stuck in the cave man era compared to Europe. When the Europeans came over with guns and all these large, powerful weapons, Africans had no choice but to give in, so almost all did.

Answer 2

All African countries but Ethiopia and Liberia were imperialized by Europe. Ethiopia was briefly occupied by the Italians, however, they never truly gained control of the country. Ethiopia was very well guarded by its environment and surrounding empires, which played a key role in warding off European invaders. Ethiopians were also very resistant and successful in defeating European powers. Liberia was established by the USA as a place where free slaves could travel to and establish their own government. It became an independent nation and was protected by the USA against Europeans.