Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire once controlled Mecca, Medina, and Jerusalem.
At the end of WW1, the Arab lands once controlled by the Ottoman Empire came under the control of England and France.
Before the spread of Islam in the 7th Century CE,\, there were two forces that controlled Middle East and Europe. These lands were ruled by Romans and Persians. During the time of rise of Islam these two empires were engaged in heavy warfare, and both lands especially the Persian Empire was devastated and left in ruins. It wasn't too difficult for the new Muslim army to defeat this tired and devastated empire. Once Muslims conquered the Persian Empire, the Muslim religion spread rather quickly. The reasons for this could be many, but here are two logical ones. 1) Before the fall of the Sassanian Persian Empire, the Zoroastrian priests had much power in the state and they had become very corrupt. The people of the land were tired of these corrupt priests and were ready to embrace a new religion. 2) The tax imposed on non-muslims by the Muslim rulers were heavy, therefore it was to the benefit of the people to embrace the new religion in order to not pay the taxes. Many of the local elites also saw this as a way to gain power in the new empire.
Every country bordering the Mediterranean Sea was once part of the Roman Empire. The empire included the complete Mediterranean coastline.
Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom,France,Monaco ,Luxembourg,Belgium,Netherlands,Germany,Switzerland,Italy,San Marino,Vetican, Egypt, Coty,Malta,Austria,Greece,Slovenia,Hungry,Turkey,Syria, Iraq,Cyprus, and Lebonen
The British Empire once controlled North America, India and Australia. Many other nations were also part of the British Empire.
The Ottoman Empire once controlled Mecca, Medina, and Jerusalem.
At the end of WW1, the Arab lands once controlled by the Ottoman Empire came under the control of England and France.
Republic of Cyprus is an independent country, it wasn't ever "controlled" by Greece, you probably mean that it was once a British colony.
Ottoman Empire
The Roman empire once stretched over three continents.
How were lands that were once part of the Byzantine Empire added to the Islamic world?
That would be Christianity.
An empire is a great nation, so to speak, and it controls itself. Italy is the country that once WAS the roman empire, as the capitol of the empire lies in there, if that is what you meant.
Belize was once controlled by the Maya civilization
It was India, which when granted independence from the British Empire in 1947 was partitioned into India (mostly Hindu) and Pakistan (mostly Muslim). The isolated part of Pakistan in the east of India (East Pakistan) later became the free nation of Bangladesh.
A Muslim is supposed to perform Hajj once in lifetime if he has the resources.