What agency is supposed to protect the health and safety of the population?

Answer 1

Protecting the health and safety of the population in general is the responsibility of the Police Department, the Health Department (or Health Ministry in some countries), and also the Department of Environmental Protection or of Environmental Conservation. But ultimately the responsibility for the health and safety of each individual rests with that individual. The health and safety of the working population is the responsibility of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and its state equivalents (in the US), of the Health and Safety Executive (in the UK) and of equivalent agencies in other countries. But the ultimate responsibility for health and safety in the workplace rests with the employer and the employee.