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You're thinking of the Essenes. But you should be aware that they didn't "flourish." They were a tiny splinter group which lived in the Judean desert hills. They were considered aberrant because of various unusual innovations they adopted; and they disappeared entirely at the time of the Second Destruction.

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Q: What ar members of an ascetic jewish sect that flourised in palestine from the 2nd century bc to the 2nd century ad?
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