What are some words the Powhatan used?

Answer 1

This is my alphabetized personal list of Powhatan words, originally complied by John Smith & William Strachey in 1612/1624. I have also added some Powhatan personal names (Capitalized). These are 17th century Englishmen's spellings, and not always reliable, so proceed with caution. I have changed all instances of "v" to modern day "u". Also, there were various Powhatan dialects with different words for some things, so you may find several or more different forms in Powhatan for an English word. I have placed a few notes of my own by some words; you will see these in brackets []. aamowk angleaayxkehake spade abescur vein, aabescut vein, a accecow spark of fire, a accomodemsk turtle accongaiuwh bend, to accoondews blue berries accopaatamunfeed with a spoon, to accowprets shears; sheares accowson step; to go up, toackohican make a dish, to acomtan boatadamoin fall, to adamosũ fall, toagwahussum coat of plate agwaskawwans waves of the sea ahcohkinemun carry upon one's shoulder, to ahcohkinnemun carry upon one's shoulder, toahcoushe climb a tree, to ahgwur cover one, to ahkij hurt, or a thing that hurts me, toahone God ahpewk feathersahqwass pillow to lay under one's head, aahqwohhooc dram

ahshaham lobster ahshowcutteis bird with carnation-colored wings, a [red-wing blackbird]ahsmenuns walnut, a ahtowvun make a frame or boat, to ahtur it stinks aiossapanijkflying squirrel aitowh ball akontantplayster amahoth target; a targetamaiuwh great way, a amemomu sow, toamenacacac seeds amenacarac seedsamin bite, to amkonning blossom of a black cherry, the ammawskin fall, to ammomũsow, to amonsoquath bear amosensdaughter ampconomindg make a spoon, toampkone frying pan, amun whoek target; a target amunwhokk target; a target amuwoirtake heed, to amwoir take heed, to anahfarewell, or the word at parting anansacoon mat made of reeds anansecoon mat made of reedsananson mat, a anaskimmens acornanaskimmins acorn anaskomens acorns

ancagwins pot anath farewellanowwoninr suck, to anowwonir suck, toanutsahamun take up with a spoon, to aointanboat aotawk rat apacet throw away, to apahhammundg go after, to apahpunstool to sit upon, a aparoumenans wheat parched in the fire apegwas mouse apegwusmouse apetawh poan toast or broil bread, toaphohomins whelps apoanocanosutch make bread, to apokan tobacco pipe apomethigh apones bread apooketobacco apopagwetecus aloneapopaqwatecus alone aposon beast [opossum] aposoum beast [opossum]apouscase slowworm [NOTE: limbless reptile native to Eurasia.] apowhoh-homins whelps apowssawroast, to appoans bread apquammonshow, a aquintayne manggoy great shipaquointan canoe; small boat aqwahussun coat of plate aqwaskawwans waves of the seaaramiath south I am sick arathkone beast like a fox; beast much like a badger [raccoon]arigwossac aunts ariqwossac auntsarorwhmerorsk curled hair aroughcun beast like a fox; beast much like a badger [raccoon] aroummossouth be sick, toarrahgwotuwh clouds arrahqwotuwh cloudsarrokoth sky arummossouth be sick, toas camunk eel asapan hasty puddingasasqueth clay they make pipes of, theascahamũ dress or pitch a boat, to ascahamundress or pitch a boat, to ascamaner go along, to ascamauk eel ascarasqwusseaweeds ascaxasqwus seaweeds ascunmewhraw asgweowan arrow aspamũ earthaspamun earth asqweowan arrowassahampehooke lobster assamuwh head of an arrow that is round assaouncawh feathers of an arrow assaounsawh feathers of an arrowassapanick flying squirrel assentamenspears assentammens pears assentewcaiahit shines assentucayah it shinesasseseim wheat plume assesqueth clay they make pipes of, the assesseim wheat plumeassimnims walnuts assimoest foxassinenuns walnut, a assinimins walnutsassowpook box in which they play a certain kind of game, a assunnoineindge walnut treeassunnomeindg walnut tree atapahañ kixe. a [???] atcheisgwansun lean against, toatcheisqwansun lean against, to attaangwassowkstar, a attaanqwassuwk star, aattagwassanna west attasqwas weedsattasskuss leaves, weeds, or grasse attawp bow; a bowattemous dog attomois dogattomoys dogattonce arrowesattowrin civet cat aucagmins kettleaucogwins kettle aucutgagwassun copper kettle aucutgaqwassan copper kettleaugweuwh fly, to auhtab bow; a bow auhtab bow; a bow auketuttawhfishhook aumaumec awake aumaumerawake aumboick thornbark, a aumoughhowgh target; a target aumpossaish out, or it is plucked outaumpsuwk hearing aunshecapa afternoonaunteindum beat out with a cudgel, toauntemdun beat out with a cudgel, to aupeisbowstring auppes bowstring, auputchahgwetaw cleave or stick fast to a thing, toaussab net autowtaoh ear of wheatauutsahamun take up with a spoon, to auutusstink, to awassew fly, to awrewhmererskcurled hair bagwanchy basson girdlebahtanomun warm, to bauqweuwh fly, tobauqweuwh fly, to binseran apooke fill the pipe with tobacco, to bmseran apook fill the pipe with tobacco, to bocacotamen make a hole, tobocata oc kok strike fire, to bocuttaowfire bocuttaw fire boketawghfire boketawh fire cacutterewindg kearwhat is your name? cacutterewindg keir what is your name? cacutterewindg yowk what is his name?cacuttewaas yowk what is this, what do you call this?; What call you this? cacuttewindg nearwhat is my name? caiuwh I cannot tellcakakesqus rushes camange tobacco bagcamange tobacco bag camatinge six; 6 camerowathcome (spoken familiarly) to camrowan raincamzowan rain cante-cante sing, to dance, to caqwaih what is this; what do you call this?; What call you this? Casacunnakack, peya quagh acquintan uttasantasough. In how many daies will there come hither any more English Ships. catchcahmun mushe chop wood, to catzahanzamusheis flame caumear-ahcome (spoken familiarly) to caumeir come (spoken familiarly) to caumenaan now lets go togethercaumorowath come (spoken familiarly) to cauwaih mussel cauwaihoysters cawahcheims small bird or chickencawassow covering or mantle made of feathers, acawassuw covering to lay upon one, acawcawmear go along, to cawesewh be like to fall, to cawgweawans stockings cawmdgucbramble, briar cawmdgus bramble, briar

cawwaiuwh bed cawqweawans stockingscawwaiuwh bed ceumcats fowl like a teal, a chakasowe crack chamah welcome, or the word of greeting chapant shoecheawanta robin red-breast chechinquaminsnut like a small acorn [chinquapins], a checinqwaminsnut like a small acorn [chinquapins], a cheiksewmariner, seaman

cheipsin land cheiscunnemun wipe one's nose, to cheisk all chepsin landchesawk rind of a tree like hemp cheskchamayall friends chessunnaansun make a mat, tochichiquãmins kind of grain to eat [chinquapin], achingawwonauk rattle made of a gourdchingissum it is warm or hot weather chippsinland, earth chmgawwonawk rattle made of a gourd chowhwasuw ague coan snowcohgwaiuwh calm cohqwaiuwh calmcoiahgwus gull coiahqwus gull comatinchtassapooeksku[sixty] 60 comatinchtassapooeksku 60commomais you love commotins turtlecommotooah steal, to commotoouh steal, to comotinchsix; 6 copotone sturgeoncotappesseaw upset, or a boat to turn keel upcowcacunnenuñ make a frame or boat, tocowichawwotun now lets go togethercowijhpaantamũ lie together, tocowijhpaantamun lie together, to cowwotaiohsummer crenepo woman; a womancucheneppo woman; a woman cummeish yoowah give it to him cummomais you lovecummundgũ cut the hair of a man's head, tocummundgum cut the hair of a man's head, tocunnacha go home, I will go home, to cunnaiuwhlong cunnaqueis swell, to cunsenagwusIndian hatchet, an cuppatoan sturgeoncuppeh yea; yes cuppenauk gatecuppenawk gate cuppotaw deafcuppotoon sturgeon curcye neire I am cold cursine sister cushe hide or cover from the rain, to cuskessamun turn the coals, tocuspurn tie, to make fast, to cussewh kenneaunten mata mochik I understand you a little but not muchcussotunnohaans open anything, tocutaantaqwapissun deer crown, a cutchow matowram burn as if a shake light on anything, tocutchow matowran burn as if a shake light on anything, to cutsecammo cock crows, the cutsotahwoocboard, cutssenepo woman; a womancuttack otter cuttahamunourcar make a grave, to cuttaheum meis look one's head, tocuttak otter cuttaqwocum pull one down, to cuttassamais beggar cuttenamuwhwapolecat cuttepacus day cutterahtell, to cutterewh grow high, tocuttoreen weary cuttoundg bark, tocuttoxeen weary damisac knifedawbasonquire warm yourself enuecatoweropen the door, to esepannawh hardesepannuwh hard eskowwascus sedgefatacaumexan sparrow hawk gaukenates dry by fire or otherwise, to geisp I am fullgeispun be full, to hamkone ladlehatacqwoear hold it aside hauguequinslittle stone pot, a hauquequins little stone pot, a hawtoppe bow; a bowhawtorinkanaske black fox skin or an overgrown sables', a howghweyh takon neire I am hungry howh weih takon neire I am hungry huskpemmo poketawessow wheat, to huskpemmo poketaws sow wheat, tohusquamũ sew with a needle, to husquamunsew with a needle, to husque by and by, quickly husqueguenatora now I understand youhusquequenatora now I understand youiaheasomaw light, to iakesan apooke light tobacco inspungwaren wink, to ioughqueme wath let us go or come away ire assuminge go and run quickly ireh cuppeintanaan go down, toireh cuppemtanaan go down, to ireh uscoendgo abroad, to ireh go, to jacuttehwooncleanse a pipe, to kaasun villagekahangoc goose kahunge goose kakatorawines yowo what is this, what do you call this?; What call you this?kakopen drink to one, to kameyhan rainkantikantie sing and dance kantokan dance, to kanyough I know not kapessemapaangungive me a little piece kaskeke ten; 10Kator nehigh mattagh neer uttapitchewayne. Truely his is there I doe not lie.

kawkopen quier drink to you kawmclirppaanheadache kawmduppaan headache kawwinsleep kawyough I know not kayquioseboat kear you kecuttannowaslightning kecutton say, to keekataughtassapooeksku[ninety] 90 keekataughtassapooeksku 90keguasson pot to drink in, a keihtascoocsnake, adder keij out, away, or get you gonekeis how many keiskecamon kick, to spurn, to kekatawghnine; 9Kekaten Pokahontas Patiaquagh niugh rawrencok audowgh. Bid Pokahontas bring hither two little Baskets, and I will give her white beads to make her a chaine kekenohaiumh uspewh not gone upkekenohaiuwh uspewh not gone up kekepemgwahsmoke kekewh alive kekitchuchuntickle someone, to [Kitchi Kitchi Koo] kekughes liveskekuttun say, to kelhowse sun, thekemaantunñ speak softly, to kemottebrother kenagh I thank you kenah I thank you kencuttemaum good morrow, or the word of salutation keneiwoh sharp keneiwuhsharp kennehautows I understand wellkenorockonoren quire come look at my headkensekit arse kequasson pot to drink in, a keseiceindcher wash the hand, tokeseigwaan wash the face, to keseiqwaanwash the face, to keseireindcher wash the hand, to keshackaiuwh dirt keshawtewhlight keshemaik pooc tobacco is naught, thekeshowse sun, the keskowghes sunneskessahikear shut the door kesshackaiuwhdirt kesshekisson laugh, tokesshekissum laugh, to kesshemauc weakkessohikear shut the door ketarowksumahbreak all in pieces, to ketssetawun wash anything, to kick mother kicke motherkicketen quier speak, tell me kijhtoroonpike kikithamots wind, thekispurracautapus garter komeratimiere quieryou gave it to me komeyhon rainkonnockkonoren quire come look at my headkoske ten; 10 kouppathe yea truly kowse father kowse fatherkucopen drink to one, to kuttchawe I burn kykeytawe nine; 9 kykeythamots wind, the maangairagwatonu great hole, amaangairagwatowh great hole, a maangwaoapgirth or leather maangwipacus leavesmacaugs caunomel grape's stone or the stone of any plum, a macauqs caunomel grape's stone or the stone of any plum, a machacammac great house, a Mache, nehiegh yourowgh, Orapaks.Now he dwels a great way hence at Oropaks.

machenecawwun lie down to sleep, tomachequeo show, a macherew enemymachess low maentchatemayoac gonemahawke gourd mahcataowh paint black, to mahcatawaiuwh black mahcatois coal of fire, a mahcawg pumpkin, a mahcawqpumpkin, a mahgwaih great wind, amahmaindg-nohaiuwh I have none mahqwaihgreat wind, a mainmahe sucqwa give me some water majawh straight makataweyghpearl makateweygh pearl makiguesnot makique snot malacommeir I will not give it mamantũ terracan play at any game, tomamantu terracaun play at any game, tomamarenaretum wrestle, to mamasc cakokesqwuscut rushes, to mammahe sucqwahum give me some water mammahe sucqwahum give me some watermammau clouds mammaum cloudsmammun take hold of, to mamoindgakij it hurts me not, it is whole or well manaang-gwasbutterfly manansk little stone mananstlittle stone mangeker height of anything at a good growth, the mangoite great maniasc cakecut rushes, to mannottaihcaun make a basket, to manote basket mantchoor coat, jerkin, doublet, etc. maquascawnomel plum stonemaquascawnomell plum stone maquequins small bells maquiquins small bells maraakcedar maracah apple maracocks fruit much like a lemon [squash]marahungoc gosling marapo enemymaratsno tongue, the marowanchesso boy; a boy marrakimmins grapes marrapoth quierwild words they have, the marrapough enemiesmaskapow enemies, the worst of maskawhinge parrot[Carolina Parakeet] maskihaan be melancholy; to be sad, to maskihaon be melancholy; to be sad, to maskowhinge parrot[Carolina Parakeet] massacamwmdgparrot [Carolina Parakeet]matacawiak pearl matacawqweowanneth I have no hose Matachanna(sister of Pocahontas) matackesa it is not lighted matacoawqwrowanneh I have no hosemataguenatoroth I understand you notmataguenatoxoth I understand you not matahno, nay mataheigh catommoik apron or any kind of dressed leather matakennowntorawh I understand not matakennowntorowh I understand notmatakuske leaf of a prickle pearmatamawcasunneh I have no shoesmatamowcasunneh I have no shoes matanamowunnot to see mata-nowwontamen not to hearmataquiwun red dye matassaih napkin, linen matassaith napkin, linenmatassumitohook small bird, a matassumitohookesmall bird, a matassuñ copper; cooper[sic] matauppoannonuwh I have no tobaccomatautapawpeak you have no lice matawiowijhbachelor matchcores skins or garments matchkore skin of a stagmatchqueo show, a Matoaka (Pocahontas' other name)mattaheih catommoik apron or any kind of dressed leather mattanahayyough I have it notmattaquenatorath I understand you not mattassin copper; cooper [sic] mattath no mattcheroth quier wild words they have, the mattoum seed not much unlike rye [wild rye] matush I will not maucaguinsbell maucaqwins bell maucatawatsomeonear of new wheat mauhsaan nettlemaunomommaon prayer maunumommaan prayermawchick chammayfriends, the best of mawhcasuns shoesmayance I have it not mayanse I have it not mayis going in a path mayn going in a path mbococotamen make a hole, tomeascoh arms meatsun sup, tomecher eat, to mechijn ears of a hare or any other beast mechocusk I'll eat by and bymehkewh beak, bill mehtacooc stalk, amehteqweins grass mehtoan month, ameihkeih sore, a meihkeis wartmeihsutterask creek meihtawk ear of a man meihteams waterfowl, a meihtingehand, a meihtoram post meihtucstree meihtus tree meihtussan spars of a house, the meihtussuc eat with memeihtussur eat with me meish miroan chessoyowkgive this to the child meishmicoan chessoyowk give this to the child meishnahmecher give me some meat meisquan elbow mekonse nails of the fingers and toes mekouse nails of the fingers and toes memmowchicktagwassan speak aloud, tomemnunnahqus island mendabuccah head, the; head of a man mennunnahgus island mepitteeth, the meqwanoc long feather, amereengass shooting glove, a merersc hair of the head meroathachessam young boymeroathachessum young boy mescot leg, the mese arm meshpataan bocotaoh fetch some fire, to meskew nose, the meskewenose, the meskott leg, the messaminssort of grape near as great as a cherry messeate foot, themessetonaance beard messetonaanse beardmessets feet messetts feetmetacum louse metatuwh neckatam all is out metawke ears, the meteingeiesfingers, the metinge hand metmgehand mettone mouth, the metucsbridge metucsmarakimins bunch of grapesmetucsmarakimmins bunch of grapes mexerschair of the head mhnomun set down anything, tominchin quier you eat minchin quire you eat minchin you eat mintabukham head, the; head of a man mintabukhan head, the; head of a man miske here missanek squirrelmittchin you eat mockasins shoesmocosijt woman's privates, a mohwhaiokmoth moich turd moieh filthymoincaminge dead leaves moiowat filthymoiowatt filthy momonsacqweo bearmomuscken mole in the ground, a monacookes swordsmonahamshaw bird like a lapwing monanawturkey monascunnemũ cleanse the ground, tomonascunnemun cleanse the ground, tomonattecoh faun moninagh turkeymoninaw cock crows, the moninawcutsecamocock crows, the monnonsacqueo bearmonohacan sword monowhaake sword[ monowhauksword monynawgh turkey moowchickgreat deal, a moroke cedar mouhwacusmarten moundg cut the hair of a man's head, tomoundgtacan shears; shearesmounshagwatowh heaven mounshaqwatuwhheaven moussomko squirrel mowchesohfly, a mowcheson fly, a Mowchick woyawgh tawgh noeragh kaqueremecher. I am very hungry? What shall I eate?

mowhkohan fishhook mowsah maggot, little worm muckatahone arm, the mucosiitwoman's privates, a mummacushenepaw I have been asleep mummascushenepo I have been asleepmundgtacan shears; sheares muscaiuwhglorious, smooth, beautiful muscaussum bright or plain all over mushawwacat I am lither or laziermusheis wood musheis-in-ourowh wood all along muskaiuwh flower of a fine thing, amuskan forehead, the muskefkimminsstrawberries muskeis wood muskenrun, to musket run, to muskiendgueseyes, the muskiendguk eye, themuskiendues eyes, the muskimmins mulberry, a muskimnis mulberry, a muskins eyes, the musknis eyes, the musquaspen red root used to paint mats, targets & such like mussaangegwah maneatersmussane beast so called, a mussarantown mussascus beast of the form & nature of our water rats [muskrat] sit mussataquopur further, to mussawuruc ship, a musses woodsmussetagwaioh circle mussetaqwaiohcircle mussowuxuc ship, a mutsonmilk mutsun milk muttaqwohoons stop or put in a stopple, to muttassapec cobwebmutusk woman's privates, a naantam wolfnaantuc-ah come again, we will come again, tonaantucah-necut only one nacowas netnacowns net nahapuc dwell, tonahapur dwell, to nahayhough I have itnamaske fish nameche fishnammais fish nanamachauwh king's name of roanake, the

parankestassapooeksku50 nawhpomind lay down a thing, tonawpin sit down, to nawwiowashim carry a thing up and down, to near I nearnowwanI have been necakessutton take one prisoner, to necakessuttun take one prisoner, tonecantough pull it out, to necantuwh pull it out, to necgwussaw I dare not nechañchild nechaun child neck mothernecqurissar I dare not necussagwns carry a thing between two, to necut one; 1 necutchuckskuw scrub one's head, to necutchucskuw scrub one's head, tonecuttoughtysinough[one hundred];100 necuttweunquaogh [one thousand]; 1000 negutahke I dare not nehapper kupper sit further nehapper sit downnehpaangunnũ blind nehpaangunnu blindnehsaakah reed neighsawhor come down, to neighseum cry, to neihpunsannuwhmake blunt, to neihpyahraiab I will come tomorrow neihsacan weir to take fish, aneimbat enough neir myself neireI am sick neire myself nekmother nekereinskeps ring nekutone; 1 nemarough man; a man nematbrother nembabatsoho miss the hole, tonembobatsoho miss the hole, to nepamironowhlame nepassingwahcon strike, tonepassingwahoon strike, to nepaun sleep, to nepausche sun nepaushe sunnepawironowh lame nepensun dustnepesseanpooc take tobacco, to nepkehanaanpinch, to nepocuttokeau wound, anepogwaanshepissun girdle, a nepokehanaanpinch, to nepokeunnamũ soak bread, tonepokeunnamun soak bread, to nepomatamenshoot, to nepomotamen shoot, tonepopawinin go before, to nepopawmin go before, to nepotatamen blow anything, tonepowwer naked neppe wet nepunche neir I am dead nepuncke neire I am deadneputte teeth, the nequarattoundmun snort, to nequtahke I dare not neqwaxulloundwunsnort, to netab welcome, or the word of greeting netab I am your friend, I am at your command netab friend netab word of kindness netacoon great way, a netahfriend netap my dear friend netapewhI am your friend, I am at your command nethkeonnose, the netoppew friendsnetshetsunh soul or vital breath of man, thenettencrianges be faint, to netuspus leap as men leap in dancing or otherwise, to neusakagwanmake a fire, to neusakaqwan make a fire, tonim aye, yea nimatewh man; a man nindgapamutla mecreentecoh king of the head, a ningetwo; 2 ningepoke twenty; 20ningh two; 2 ninghsapooekskutwenty; 20 nintawook matchnisake cane nissakan reednmtawooc match nocmchamino boketaw mend up the fire noewanathsoun I have forgottennohainwh have, to nohaiuwh have, tonoiatewk hungry nomgweitut ring finger, the nonattewh faun nonssamats coldnooueshetum beat out with a cudgel, tonooueshetun beat out with a cudgel, tonoraughtoan put on your hat noringeamind baketaw mend up the fire noughmass fishnoumpgwaam porridge, broth noumpqwaamporridge, broth noungasse wife noungatdo, to nousomon below nousoughthree; 3 nousumon below nouwmaisI love you nowiowijh wiowah married mannowqweitut ring finger, the nows fathernowwanus lost nowwicwashim carry a thing up and down, to nowwuntamen hear, tonuckaandgum sister numeramin smell, tonumerathguran pocoon paint red, tonumerothequier your companion numma will you go home? nummacha go home, I will go home, tonummagwais pox, the nummamuntam be faint, to nummanemennaus pox, the nummaskatamenI care not for it nummatchqwran paint black, to nummavmon pull, to nummawh weep, to nummecaxuttenar fight at fisticuffsnummecaxuttenax fight at fisticuffs nummechijnI will eat nummeisutteidg little finger, thenummeisutteingwah fore finger, thenummeraantaan strew or cast, to nummeraminsmell, to nummonnemenndus pluck up, tonummundgũ cut the hair of a man's head, tonummundgum cut the hair of a man's head, tonumpenamun let me see it nuppawẽ sleepnuppaweũ sleep nus three; 3nuscahsaiyam tawny nuscawes eight; 8nuschawes eight; 8 nusqwoik neck of anything, the nussthree; 3 nussaandg eldernussacom bite, to nussacum bite, tonussapooeksku [thirty]; 30 nussaughthree; 3 nusseseqwus whet, tonussesseqwus whet, to nusshaih lipsnussuccum cough, to nusswash eight; 8nusswashtassapooeksku[seventy]; 70 nuswohcassannack three hundrednutssegwacup I will drink no more nutsseqwacupI will drink no more nuttacoondah playsternuttahcaam deep over the head nuttaqwonflea, a nuttaspin sow wheat, tonuttassapec cobweb nuttawwuttemdg long finger, the nuwamatamen I must keep it, I love itnuwweisqwaput wrap, to wind up, to ockquetathtassel of a goshawk ockquins watchet-colored [sky blue] bird, a ocoughtanamnis berry very much like unto capers[pokeberry?]ohawas row ohcawooc well, aohhorime crooked ohorinne crookedohshaangannemuns shells ohshaangumiemunsshells ohtamocan barrel ohtindgeclaw of a crab oiacpijann come again, we will come again, to oiawh lean of any flesh, the okees gods okinsherbob of the gynny wheat without corn, the okishebob of the gynny wheat without corn, the oktamocancan or any such thing to drink in onascandamencatch in the mouth as dogs do, to onxe foxootun cheese or any curded matter made of milkopaiuwh white opassontamen catch in the mouth as dogs do, to opatenaiok eagleopomens chestnuts opommins chestnutsopotenaiok eagle opoteyawh pipe is stopped, the opoteyough pipe is stopped, theopykerough brant; a fowl like a goose, a oreihice oreingeis feet of a hawk oremgeisfeet of a hawk oronacah garden or plot of ground to sow corn, a oronocah garden or plot of ground to sow corn, a osaih blew [blue] osaiohyesterday osakescai cockle osamintakcandle or gummy stick which will keep light osanintakcandle or gummy stick which will keep lightosasianticus divedapper bird osasquusmuskrat osasquws muskrat osawasbrass osayoh yesterday osies heaves [note: possibly"heavens"?In their group with sun, moon, stars, gods, etc.] oskeitchabove ospanno turkey cock ossantamenspeas otakeisheheis guts otanneistrain of a bird [its tail] otassantamens peas otassapiiarcall, to otassapnar call, tootassotagwopur sit nearer, to otassotaqwopursit nearer, to otaus breast of a womanotawiaac bocataw fire is out, the otawiaac bocotow fire is out, the oteincas gloveoteingas glove oteyquenimin tear or rend anything, to otsetuns grow high, toottanueis train of a bird [its tail]ottassantamens peas ottawm earthough it is well oughrath far offoughtamangoyth tobacco bag ouhopunnawkground nut, a ouhshawkowh codfish, a ouiyougcosoughs gods and their affinities, pettie oungass wife ourcargrave ourcrewh purple ouronnemunpeta cawwin make a bed, to oussawack yellowoutacan dish, a owanough who has this?owaugh egg paaksetower bring into the boat, to paangun l ittle piece, a paatch nah rungan udamushcan give me some butter or fat to spread on my bread paatch-ah give, to paatchkiscawbald paatchnati rungan udamuscan give me some butter or fat to spread on my bread paaugahtamunshazelnut pachimoina landsmen pacuschest pacussac-an gun or piece, a paesacks knivespagwantawun leather that covers their hips and privates pahcunnaioh dark paheewhbottle pahgwurraow sparks that glitterpahquarra spark of fire, a pahqwarra spark of fire, a paiamasum entombing paiamasuwentombing pamahsaiumh world, thepamahsaiuwh world, the pamisac knifepamyack gourd pamyauk gourdpaougwnssenttawh be dry or thirsty, topaougwussenttawh be dry or thirsty, topapasowh morning, sunrise paquachowng falls at the upper end of the king's river, the paqwachowngfalls at the upper end of the king's river, thepaqwantawun leather that covers their hips and privates parance five; 5 parankestassapooeksku [fifty]; 50 paranske five; 5 paseme uppook give me some tobacco paseme uppooke give me some tobacco pasemeh give, to pashenaanflee, to paskamath mulberries paskasewcrack or cracked, a paskasew crack or cracked, a paskeaw break by striking, to paskeawbreak by striking, to paskorath gold sparks in the sand, the paspasaat uscantewh morning is fair, the paspasat uscantewh morning is fair, thepaspeen go, to paspene walk about, topasquehamon eat, to pasqwurraws wind about, to pasqwuxxaws wind about, to passagwearrise up, to passahicaan clap one's hands, topassaquear rise up, to patawoc porpoisepatewh nearby or next hand patow bring again, to patow bring again, topattihquapisson hat paucauns walnut, apaugweuwh fly, to paukauns walnut, apawcohiccora walnut "milk" pawcussacksgunnes pawpawmear walk, to pawpaxsoughes yearespawpecones pipespawpecoon play on a pipe, to peache fetch, bring peccataas beans peccatoasbeans peihtach froth, scum peihtaohfroth, scum peinder put it in, topeintiker come in, to peketawes beanspemanataon cord or small line, thread peminahrope pemuckqweraneind twined threadpemucqweraneind twined thread pemuntnawrope, cord penim noise of a piece, fall of a tree penimathatoan thread penninaughrope penonge jeron stone penougejeron stone penumun unclose hands, topereruimuw angry pereruinnow angryperew be broken or cracked, to perewhnaught broken or cracked permgwah look asquint, to perrmgqwak look asquint, to petacawinbed petacqueth thunder petawinground pettackqueth thunder peyeughreturning

pichamnis excellent plum, anpeymmatã thread pickewh gum [of] the Virginian maple, the pickuts gum we hold balsam, the pickutts gum we hold balsam, the pijahcome, being spoken afar off to one, to pijahtamaoncome to prayer, to pijarah come, being spoken afar off to one, to pijarowah come, being spoken afar off to one, to pijautch come again, we will come again, to piscoend duck pisquaon duckpoawamindg oak tree poawnncindg oak tree PocahontasLittle Wantonpocohaac awl pin or needle, pin, pestle; the privates of a man, an pocohack bodkin or awl, apocohiquara milk made of walnuts pocohiquaramilk made of walnuts pocontath girdlepocosack gun pocuntauhea husk of their wheat pocuttawes wheat pocututauha husk of their wheat poenguwh gnat poengwusgnat pohcohaac awl pin or needle, pin, pestle; the privates of a man, an pohcoons red dyepohcuwtoah gynny wheat poheewh bottlepohkeuwh otter, or rather a beaver pokatawer firepoket fart, a poketawes wheat[corn?] pokeyough dive underwater, to pokin bokeyough dive underwater, to pokin dive underwater, to pokontats girdle pokorancemineral stone pokoranse mineral stonepokosack gun pomahaum snailpomeuwh woman with child pomotawh hill, mountain ponomaws widgeon ponomawuswidgeon poohkewh dive, to poomp arrathqwatuwh elements, the popogwussurhell porance five; 5 porasap bagposhenaan flee, to potawaugh porpoisepotopotawh tawh boil up, to potteracai it hurts me not, it is whole or well potterakai it hurts me not, it is whole or well poughcone red paint, red dye poughkone red paint, red dye poweuwhwoman with child Powhatan waterfall powhigwaramilk made of walnuts powtowhone boketan blow the fire with your mouth powtowhone boketawe blow the fire with your mouth powttoas wheat[corn?] pttawin ground puccoonroot which turneth red; they use medicine & dye [bloodroot] pugguyashes pummahumpsstarres punguy ashes pungweashes punsaos autumn, the fall of the leafpuppaannoh winter puppaqwahauns swim, to puppaqwahauns swim, to puppoan nohwinter puppoqwahauns swim, to pushenimsplum is very delicious when it is ripe, a ; persimmons pussagwuñclay pussaqweinbun rose pussaqwembunrose pussaqwembunameindg rose treepussaqwonneindg put off, to pussaqwunnenidgput off, to pussepussactawas melt, topussepussactawos melt, to putchamins plum is very delicious when it is ripe, a; persimmonsputtaiqwapisson cap, hat puttawus covering or mantle made of feathers a puttohiqwosur put on, to quantamũ swallow, to quantamumswallow, to que quoy ternis quire what is your name? que quoy what is this? quintayne taux little boat; canoe qwananats wood pigeon qwangatarask owl qwannacutrainbow qwataneik green treeqweisgwesun whistle, to qweisqwesunwhistle, to qwunnumsc braser qwunnumsebraser qwunsewh sunset racawhsand rahsawans leather stripes or stringsrahtaws lamprey raiab tomorrowraieawk day raioawk dayramerumuwh old man rapantãvenison raputtak head of an arrowraqwassewhmushe fall down from a tree, toraragwunnemun open anything, to rarascaũair rarascaum air rarenaw chainrasannear run, to rassawans jags of the savages' habit rassewocatuwh grain or croty, arassicokear open the door, to rassoumwind rassunnemum take off, to rawcomensberry much like our gooseberry rawcosowghs dayesrawerunnuwh old man rawottonemd godrawwaiend none rawwanud nonereconack tobacco bag reconacke tobacco bag reihcahahcoik overcast or hidden under a cloud reihcawh night reihcoan combreihcoun comb rekasque kniferiakosicke devil, the riapoke devil; tomorrow, the rickahone comb rickewhdivide a thing in half, to righcomoughes deathsriokosick devil, the rocoyhook otterrokayhook otter rokohamin parched corn ground small romutton hill, small mountromuttun hill, small mount rookewh coan it snows rossoun wind rouhcat meal and flour rowcar appons piece of breadrowhgwawh sheldrake rowhqwawh sheldrakerowhsunnuwh small wind, the rowksewh meal and flour rowrooc appones piece of breadrummasuwendg piece of a pot or potsherd, arummotaihwh wide or great rungâ all kinds of suet rungan all kinds of suet saccasaclie with a woman, to saccasak lie with a woman, to sakahocan write, to sakahooke clear stones we gather, the sansagwaiuwh not to bendsansaqiuawwh not to bend sassacomuwahsnake, adder sawwehone Bloud [sic]sawwone salt secon spit, tosecqwahan water sehqwun spit, toseiscatuwh ebbing water sekehekonaughwrite, to shacahocan stone; a stoneshacquohocanstone; a stone shekijn piss, tosocaquinchenimum make a fire, tosocaqwinchenimom make a fire, to Spaughtynere keragh werowancemawmarinough kekate wawgh peyguaugh. Run you then to the King Mawmarynough and bid him come hither.spissaan leap, to suckahanna watersuckimma new moon suckquahan watersuckquohana water suttecahamun knock or beat a thing with a hammer, to suttekepacatuwhSpring, the taangoqwaÿk behindtaccahacan hatchet taccaho appoans bread made of a woat taccahoac block, mortartaccahoappouns bread made of a woat taccahoocblock, mortar tackqwaisuw shorttacqwacat frost tacqwaisuw shorttah no, nay tahmocassewh he has not or none tamahaac hatchet tammuscamauwhflowing water tammuscamcuwh flowing watertamohake hatchet tamokin swim, totanagogwaiik behind tanaowaam where have you been? tangasuw of a little heighttangeguath fur like a sable's tangeqwathfur like a sable's tanggo let me see ittangoa give it to me or let me see ittannowaam where have you been? tanre small, little tanx small, little tapaantaminaischain of copper with long links tapacoh nighttapocoh night tashoac all is outtassautessusstranger; 'strangers' or 'Englishmen'tatacaunshewah grasshopper tatamahogarfish tatumsew crack or cracked, atauosin stool taux little, a Tauxpowhatan Little Powhatantawatuttener yawn, to gape, to tawhs no more tawhtagwountamen chew, to Tawnor nehiegh Powhatan. Where dwels Powhatan?

tchiimaac row, to tchijmaoc row, totenuecatower open the door, tothacgwenummeraun I give it to you gratisthaigwenummeraan I give it to you gratisthepahcoon stalk of gynny or virginiawheat, the thepoyn ladle tockahacks pickaxestockawhoughe root they have for food [English tuckahoe]tohtummocunnum gust, hurricane tomahacks axestooskean swim, to toppawoss [seven]; 7 toppquough nightstowacgwoins pigeon towacqwoins pigeontowaugh strong towaughe crome [?] towawh strongtowcuppewk sea turtle tsaqwomoi deep to the middle tsehqwun spit, to tsekehicasweep, to tsemahcaug flower of the apple maraccih, the tsemaosay sail, a tsenahcommacahVirginia tsepaantamen kiss, to tsepaihdead tsetewh dry by fire or otherwise, totshecomah mussel shell, a tshehaoahflax tshehip bird tshekehicawwonsbroom tshemacans oar tshepoijnladle tshetcheindg bird tshetchenidgbird tshoegetewh fowl, a tumpseisold woman tussanbeds tussan seat in a boat or a bench, atuttascuc crab tuttascuk crabtuttascwh torn, rent tuttasewh torn, rent tuwcuppewk sea turtle uannatassunstand, to uaugh word of wonder ucsapessboy; a boy udamoin fall, toudamosun fall, to udansgwapissun knot up hair, to udansqwapissun knot up hair, toudapungwaren open one's eyes, to udasemeodaango softly, to udasemoodaan go softly, toudeishcawunuppocan pipe is broken, theudeistahamũ break by striking, to udesinamumbreak with one's fingers, to udesinamun break with one's fingers, to udespunnemun lift up, touebowchass sweat, to uebowhass sweat, to uepacaman strike with a sword, toueroanee king, great man uespessemaanpooctake tobacco, to ugaucopessum I would drinkuhpooc tobacco uhpoocan tobacco pipeuimawh tomorrow Uittapitchewayne anpechitchs nehawper Werowacomoco. You lie, he stayed ever at Werowacomoco.uketeqwaiutteindg thumb, the uketeqwaiutteindgthumb, the umdguppauk thunderumeqwussum scab umpsemen apook drink, tobacco [ie., smoke tobacco] umpsemen apooke drink, tobacco [ie., smoke tobacco]umpsquoth moon unamun waken, tounapootain hungry unaucopen drink to one, to unchgucheis caumelmushe break a stick, toundoth take it unechacuskonahsa I hurt my leg unechikutchikussa itch unecussopissonscratch, to unegapamutta mennetatakij it hurts my legs, or my legs ache uneghiawindupineputs king of the teeth, a uneghiawmdupmeputs king of the teeth, a unekishemũ cut, to unekishemun cut, to unepasknoterahbon flip with one's finger, tounepawahumã brush, a unepawahumma brush, a uneshawocanassup hot weather

upacocaheih I must put tobacco in itunetagwushomon blew beads unetagwushowonblew beads unetawunnũ bruise anything small, to unetawunnum bruise anything small, tounethicutchikussa itch unnacha go home, I will go home, to unnawh tomorrow untoughtake it untowh take it ununecussopissonscratch one's head, to upococaheih I must put tobacco in it uppeinsaman glue or gum that fastens on their arrow heads uppocano tobacco pipe, auppocanomowr pipe is foul, the upponshun mushowr ships go home, the uppoo-chappoctobacco root uppoushun mushower ships go home, the usasarouhketahamũ knock upon one's finger it being pricked, to usasgwoik pearl mussel shellsusasqwork pearl mussel shells uscaenturface, the uscannewh not ripe uscomtaingo in, to uscook fine or small thread, auscound abroad usgwiih aboveushegwunnaih hair of a deer usheqwonnaihhair of a deer ushuccohomen beat corn into meal, to uskepewh come quickly, to uskepijahcome quickly, to usketehamũ meal made of gynny wheat usketehamun meal made of gynny wheatusocan gristle of a sturgeon usowcunnemũpour in water, to usowcunnemun pour in water, to uspeuwh above usquion arrowusqwaseins girl usqwasenis oc girlsusqwatanaik green tree usqwausum bitchusqwÿh above ussac crane ussawassin white mettall, Iron, Brasse, Silver, any usseqwahamun rub; smooth, to utacaskis lizard or eft utacqwowsuncome up, to utagwoong stinging of a snakeutahtahamũ put out a candle, to utahtahamunput out a candle, to utakaer sacrifice, toutakar sacrifice, to utakijk nextutamocahken let anything fall, to utannegwansuit one's nose, to utanneqwun suit one's nose, to utchapoc root utchappoc rootutcharund before utcheiks tell a lie, to utchepetaiuwh curled hairutchepitchewain tell a lie, to utchepwoissumaeast utchepwoissunna east utchoonggwaicat or wild beast, a […much larger & spotted black under belly like a lynx ] utchunquoyes lion;panther/wildcat [note: probably panther] utmoiahken let anything fall, to utshecommuc chamber utshemaiinbeneath utshemaijn beneath utshemaijndunderneath utshemandgij underneathutshowwah testicles utsseneind do so, to utssetecuttawsew beat any iron to an edge, touttacawai lion;panther/wildcat[note: probably panther] uttacawoilion;panther/wildcat [note: probably panther] uttacomac winguttacomaik codfish, a uttamainquoihpurse uttamancoch bag uttamancoihtobacco bag Uttamatomakkin (brother-in-law of Pocahontas) uttapaantam deer, auttapantam deer, a uttasantassawaihstranger; 'strangers' or 'Englishmen'uttassantassowaihstranger; 'strangers' or 'Englishmen'uttawh mortar utteitsouk whiting, aUtteke, e peya weyack wighwhip. Get you gone, and come again quickly.uttocais leather uttocannuc wingutucotucosa roll or toss as a ship, toutumpseis old woman uummaskittuwh go to stool or to ease oneself, to uummatahamũ stir the pot, to uummaumum take up, to uummewsunstir oneself, to uunamun see, touusshebowskeom stretch oneself, to uwwaphurt, or a thing that hurts me, to uyaucopen drink to one, to uyunnecussopisson scratch one's head, to vegwantaak throat, the wahchesaonest of a bird Wahunsonacock (Powhatan) wamattuwhit is well or enough wapapammdge vinewapewh cut or a hurt wapin stab, awarnat enough waugh their word of wonder [English: wow?] wawapunnah hang one, to wawirak horns of a deer wecacke yard of a raccoon weghshaughes fleshwehsacanoc fur of the beast arrathcune [raccoon], theweihkippeis hemp weihsatonowans beardweihtaooes ears of a hare or any other beastweihtaws ears of a hare or any other beastweimb marrow of a bone weisacannac skin of a hare weiskis place, a wekoweheeshare wepentercuckold; a cookold weputtahoc stake, awesaws younger wessacanoc fur of the beast arrathcune [raccoon], the wesums youngerweyans lean wiaaws lean of any flesh, the wighsacan root which cureth hurts & diseaseswiihgwaus thigh, a wijchaudgfingernails wijhcats fins of a fishwijhcutteis hare wijhtoram pikewijhwaiuwh blunt wimpenton cuckold; a cookold winamaik small fish as big as a roach, a windscup lead wingaiuwh glorious, smooth, beautiful wingam outssemetsumneic my foot is well wingan outssemetsumneir my foot is wellwingan good winganouse very goodwingapo welcome, or the word of greetingwingatewh ripe winggapo my beloved friend wingutscaho better wingutsee upooctobacco is good, the wingutseo uhpooc tobacco is good, the winpe marrow wintuc fool, a wintuccum fool, a wiowah husbandwiraohawh fat wiroakawh fatwiroance king or great lord, a wiroans king or great lord, a wiroansqua queen, a woman queenwironausqua queen, a woman queen wisotonoansbeard wmgan good wmpentoncuckold; a cookold wnijqwans thigh, awohaihank scales of a fish wohaikank scales of a fish woock caviar woock roe of sturgeon woor hole wopussouc swanwoskan bone, a woskeqwus gills of a sturgeon or any other fish, the woughtathe swimwouscan bone, a wousckan bone, awoussicket running brook wouwh eggwushagwun swingle of a deer, tail, thewushaqwun swingle of a deer, tail, the wuskanbone, a wysotonoans beard yapam sea, the yeahaukan house yeahawkan houseyehawkans housesyeokanta river yeough four; 4 yoaruwh yonder, far off yoaxuwh yonder, far off yocaantariver yohacan house yoowah heyowgh four; 4 yowghapooeksku [Forty]; 40 yowhsthese yowhse hard by yowkk thiszanckone sneeze, to

Answer 2

The Powhatan people used Algonquian words in their language, which included words like "maman" for mother, "tomo" for friend, and "pindamin" for brother. Their language also incorporated words related to nature, animals, and everyday activities in their daily life.