What are the 10 commandments and whom did God give them to?

Answer 1

The Ten Commandments are a pillar of Western civilization. They have improved the conduct of billions of people; but because of His covenant with them (Exodus ch.24), God specifically honored the Israelites with being the nation which would be the ones to receive and treasure the Ten Commandments (Exodus ch.19-20) until they had been absorbed by humanity in general. These Commandments are so important that God revealed His presence to the entire Israelite nation when He spoke these Commands. And He scribed them in stone (Deuteronomy ch.9); unlike the rest of the Torah, which He had Moses write (Deuteronomy 31:24).

• 1) "Anochi Hashem Elokecha..." (I am the Lord your God....): To believe in God's existence, His concern for the world, His intervention at will in the affairs of the world, and His infinite might.
• 2) "Lo yihyeh lecha ..." (You shall not recognize the gods of others): The prohibition against idolatry.
• 3) "Lo tisa ..." (You shall not use the Name of the Lord your God in vain....): Do not disgrace God's name by using it for no valid purpose. This especially refers to swearing with God's name, an oath that you do not mean to keep or cannot keep.
• 4) "Zachor et yom hashabbat l'kadsho ..." (Remember the day of Shabbat to keep it holy....): Sanctify the day of Shabbat as a day of rest by refraining from work: creative, purposeful interaction with nature. Treat it as a day of delight, by the recitation of Kiddush, the Shabbat meals, etc.
• 5) "Kabed et avicha v'et imecha..." (Honor your father and your mother...): Revering and honoring one's parents is considered a basic commandment in Judaism from the perspective that there are three partners involved in the creation of a human being: one's parents and God Himself. That is why this Commandment is included with the first five, which are considered to be between Man and his Creator. This is also understood, by extension, to refer to teachers.
• 6) "Lo tirtzach" (You shall not murder): Human beings are created in the "image of God." Certain taking of life is sanctioned by the Torah, as is the case in a milchemet mitzvah; an obligatory war. However, outside of the limited exceptions, the diminution of the "Tzelem Elokim," the "image of God" in the world, is one of the three cardinal crimes, for which one must give up his or her life, rather than violate.
• 7) "Lo tin'af" (You shall not commit adultery): the prohibition of cohabiting with a married woman.
• 8) "Lo tignov" (You shall not steal).
• 9) "Lo taaneh ve'reacha ed shahker" (Do not testify falsely against your neighbor): Giving testimony is a very serious matter in Judaism, because it has the power to directly affect someone else's life.
• 10) "Lo tachmod beit rei'echa..." (You shall not covet anything that belongs to your fellow): This is a matter in which the Torah legislates regarding a person's inner thoughts and feelings. Only a Divine Lawgiver could possibly legislate in this way, for He knows the doings within our minds.

Answer 2

The Ten Commandments were given to Israel, the ancient nation of God. Though, the law that one should keep the Sabbath Day holy no longer applies to the Christians of today. The Ten Commandments of God-you may look them up on Google.

ANOTHER ANSWER:

The Ten Commandments are God's Laws regarding how we should LOVE HIM... and ONE ANOTHER. They are His Laws of "Love and Respect!"

God gave them to the first two people (male and female) whom He created. It's these Ten Laws, when broken... or transgressed... that define WHAT SIN IS (see I John 3:4).

And since "SIN" was introduced to the world through Adam... the Ten Commandments were Alive and in force from the beginning. (including the Sabbath Day, which He made on the seventh day of creation for ALL MEN who descended from Adam).

It just wasn't until Moses that the Commandments were WRITTEN DOWN for us in these last days of God's plan of Salvation for His creation. (Acts7:38)

Answer 3

The ten commandments were given to Moses on Mount Sinai, it was for the people so it would help rule them.