Assembly language is lower level language. it can under stand only (who knows the assembly)assembly language program developers. actually assembly language is the effect way to implement programes.
In all over the world, language is the source of communication among human beings. Different countries/regions have different languages. Similarly, in order to communicate with the computer user also needs to have a language that should be understood by the computer. For this purpose, different languages are developed for performing different types of work on the computer.Basically, languages are divided into two categories according to their interpretation.
1. Low Level Languages.
2. High Level Languages.
Code: The Hidden Language of Computer Hardware and Software
Amazon Price: $7.19
List Price: $17.99
Seven Languages in Seven Weeks: A Pragmatic Guide to Learning Programming Languages (Pragmatic Programmers)
Amazon Price: $19.07
List Price: $34.95
Modern Programming Languages: A Practical Introduction
Amazon Price: $86.00
List Price: $77.00
Programming for the Absolute Beginner (No Experience Required (Course Technology))
Amazon Price: $16.44
List Price: $29.99
Computer Desktop Encyclopedia
Amazon Price: $0.00
Learn to Speak Spanish Deluxe [Download]
Amazon Price: $21.58
List Price: $29.99
Hello World! Computer Programming for Kids and Other Beginners
Amazon Price: $19.11
List Price: $34.99
Nyrius LT12 12 Language Global Digital Talking Translator Foreign Pocket-Sized Electronic Speaking Dictionary
Amazon Price: $39.99
List Price: $79.99
Low Level LanguagesLow level computer languages are machine codes or close to it. Computer cannot understand instructions given in high level languages or in English. It can only understand and execute instructions given in the form of machine language i.e. language of 0 and 1. There are two types of low level languages:
Machine Language: It is the lowest and most elementary level of Programming language and was the first type of programming language to be Developed. Machine Language is basically the only language which computer Can understand. In fact, a manufacturer designs a computer to obey just one Language, its machine code, which is represented inside the computer by a String of binary digits (bits) 0 and 1. The symbol 0 stands for the absence of Electric pulse and 1 for the presence of an electric pulse . Since a computer is Capable of recognizing electric signals, therefore, it understand machine Language.
Advantages of Machine Languagei) It makes fast and efficient use of the computer.
ii) It requires no translator to translate the code i.e.Directly understood by the computer
Disadvantages of Machine Language:
i) All operation codes have to be remembered
ii) All memory addresses have to be remembered.
iii) It is hard to amend or find errors in a program written
In the machine language
iv) These languages are machine dependent i.e. a particular
Machine language can be used on only one type of computer
Assembly LanguageIt was developed to overcome some of the many
inconveniences of machine language. This is another low level but a very important language in which operation codes and operands are given in the form of alphanumeric symbols instead of 0's and l's. These alphanumeric symbols will be known as mnemonic codes and can have maximum up to 5 letter combination e.g. ADD for addition, SUB for subtraction, START,LABEL etc. Because of this feature it is also known as 'Symbolic Programming Language'. This language is also very difficult and needs a lot of practice to master it because very small
English support is given to this language. The language mainly helps in compiler orientations. The instructions of the Assembly language will also be converted to machine codes by language translator to be executed by the computer.
Code: The Hidden Language of Computer Hardware and Software
Amazon Price: $7.19
List Price: $17.99
Advantages of Assembly Languagei) It is easier to understand and use as compared to machine language.
ii)It is easy to locate and correct errors.
iii) It is modified easily
Disadvantages of Assembly Languagei) Like machine language it is also machine dependent.
ii) Since it is machine dependent therefore programmer Should have the knowledge of the hardware also.
High Level LanguagesHigh level computer languages give formats close to English language and the purpose of developing high level languages is to enable people to write programs easily and in their own native language environment (English). High-level languages are basically symbolic languages that use English words and/or mathematical symbols rather than mnemonic codes. Each instruction in the high level language is translated into many machine language instructions thus showing one-to-many translation
Types of High Level LanguagesMany languages have been developed for achieving different variety of tasks, some are fairly specialized others are quite general purpose.
These are categorized according to their use as
a) Algebraic Formula-Type Processing. These languages are oriented towards the computational procedures for solving mathematical and statistical problem
Examples are
b) Business Data Processing:
b) String and List Processing: These are used for string manipulation including search for patterns, inserting and deleting characters. Examples are:
Object Oriented Programming Language
In OOP, the computer program is divided into objects. Examples are:
e) Visual programming language: these are designed for building Windows-based applications Examples are:
PanDigital 72-70FW 7-Inch Tablet Computer - White
Amazon Price: $63.36
List Price: $299.99
Dell Inspiron i14z-1000sLV 14-Inch Ultrabook
Amazon Price: $706.00
Dell Inspiron i15R-1316BLU 15-Inch Laptop
Amazon Price: $583.00
Dell Latitude D630 14.1-Inch Notebook PC - Silver
Amazon Price: $339.99
Advantages of High Level LanguageFollowing are the advantages of a high level language:
As we human beings communicate with each others in different language such as Urdu, French, Punjabi and Arabic etc. Similarly to communicate with the computers we have to use specific languages and for this...
An advantage of assembly language over high level languages is the fine control that it allows over the code. Since assembly language directly correlates which machine instructions, the only way to get closer to the machine is to write in binary or hex code. Another advantage is that you can invoke specialized instructions to do IO, or manipulate hardware, such as page descriptor tables in the kernel. The fine control advantage is, however, illusive. Modern compilers do a very good job of optimizing, and assembly language is very verbose, requiring you to specify "everything", and to keep track of "everything". Other than for IO or hardware control, it is best to stick with the high level language.
Assembly languages are symbolic languages with instructions that map 1:1 to machine code instructions, making it easier to produce machine-specific code without resoting to machine code itself (informally known as "banging the metal"). Assembly languages make use of shorthand mnemonics for each instruction as well as hexadecimal, decimal and binary notations which are much easier to work with than native binary code. The end result is code that is highly efficient.
The disadvantages of assembly language is that it is both machine-specific and procedural. Code assembled for one particular architecture cannot be assembled on any other architecture, so there is no cross-platform support. The procedural nature of the code also means that the code is heavily reliant upon intertwinging jumps which render the code extremely difficult to both read and write. Hence procedural code is often described as being "spaghetti" code. There are no structured loops or procedure calls (functions), and everything must be coded in minute detail.
To address these problems, high-level languages were developed that separte the programmer from the machine such that a single high-level statement could easily produce dozens of assembly instructions. This abstraction makes it much easier to write programs, but the degree of separation means the programmer has little or no control over the underlying hardware. As a result, programs may be less efficient than they would be with assembler.
Mid-level languages such as C and C++ give the best of both worlds, combining low-level procedural code with structured programming. C++ adds object-oriented programming which allows more complex data structures to be handled much more easily than with C alone.
The main disadvantages of assembler over high level languages is that assembler is not portable (it is written for a particular instruction set) and that programmers are less productive since assembler is less expressive than high level languages.
Using high level languages are easier to learn and make access to various programming needs easier, compared to writing programs in low level languages like assembly.
The high level languages, in some cases, use compilers that can take the same high level language and turn it into a compiled program under different operating systems.
This question is puzzling as all Assembly code is transformed into Machine Language (the 0's and 1's) by something called an Assembler.
Therefore, these is really no advantage that machine code has over Assembly, other than the idea that machine language is faster because you need not Assemble the code before hand.
But no human being would be caught dead writing in Machine Code because it's cons outweigh the pros for use.
All processors are equipped with Assemblers.
The higher and lower language very difficult it can be defined by the disadvantage of assembly and it is difficult
b. The primary advantage of assembly language programing.
Certainly not, typical Assembly languages are entirely platform-specific. Some modern Assembly languages, however, are platform independent. Those languages apply not to a particular physical processor or family of processors, but apply to a virtual processor. MSIL, the Microsoft intermediate language, which is at the very core of the .NET system, is such an assembly language.
The assembly languages provide human-readable mnemonics, one for each machine instruction. Most assembly language instructions have similarities to words from the English language (e.g. ADD, MOVE, LOAD). However, it is possible that assembly languages are defined in resemblance to other human languages, or none at all. For example, processors designed in and predominantly used in countries with a different language and script might define assembly instructions more familiar and easier to use by its target audience. For example, it is possible that Chinese processors define assembly language instructions without resemblance to English.
In some assembly languages this is a machine operator, jump if not equal. It is a symbolic equivalent of that machine code.It is more proper to say that 'jne' may be a symbolic machine code instruction in some assembly languages.
The assembly language does not support object oriented program so they change to c and c++ the c++ will support object oriented program this are the demerits of assembly language.
computer language translators are programming tools that translate high level languages into the machine language. they include:1)assembler-translates assembly language into machine language. 2)compiler-translates the high level languages into the machine language.
Assembly languages are low level languages, sometimes also called machine-level languages.
Algol 60 assembly language b language c language
Misunderstanding. There are no 'middle level languages', only low and high level languages. Machine code and assembly are the former, everything else is the latter.C is often called a middle-level computer language as it combines the elements of high-level languages with the functionalism of assembly language. But actually it doesn't have any Assembly-like feature (whatever that means).
Certainly not, typical Assembly languages are entirely platform-specific. Some modern Assembly languages, however, are platform independent. Those languages apply not to a particular physical processor or family of processors, but apply to a virtual processor. MSIL, the Microsoft intermediate language, which is at the very core of the .NET system, is such an assembly language.
difine essembly language
The assembly languages provide human-readable mnemonics, one for each machine instruction. Most assembly language instructions have similarities to words from the English language (e.g. ADD, MOVE, LOAD). However, it is possible that assembly languages are defined in resemblance to other human languages, or none at all. For example, processors designed in and predominantly used in countries with a different language and script might define assembly instructions more familiar and easier to use by its target audience. For example, it is possible that Chinese processors define assembly language instructions without resemblance to English.
There is no such program. Low level languages cannot be converted to high level languages. It's one-way only.
HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE The program weitten in English language which eassier to understand by user is called high level language. ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE The program written in symbolics form is called assembly language. In which the symbols are used like sub,mul,div, etc.it also called symbolic language. DIFFERENCE HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE 1) It is a source code. 1) It is a object code. 2) It is convertd in machine 2) It is convertd in machine language using compiler. language using assemblier.
In some assembly languages this is a machine operator, jump if not equal. It is a symbolic equivalent of that machine code.It is more proper to say that 'jne' may be a symbolic machine code instruction in some assembly languages.
The question asks for a comparison between procedural languages, but doesn't state what those languages shall be compared with. Therefore, the question cannot be answered. I suppose one advantage of procedural languages, compared with all other high-level programming languages, is that most programmers are familiar with the general concepts, which cannot be said from many other types of high-level programming languages.
The assembly language does not support object oriented program so they change to c and c++ the c++ will support object oriented program this are the demerits of assembly language.
Assembly language is low-level because it has the least amount of abstraction between the source and the resultant machine code. That is, the translation from assembly language to machine code is 1:1. All high-level languages have much higher degrees of abstraction.