12
The Twelve Labors of Heracles were demanded by Hera, wife of Zeus, and given by Eurystheus, the king of Tiryns and Mycenae.
Hercules' cousin, Eurystheus, was the king of Mycenae at the time Hercules was doing his labors. It was Eurystheus who sent Hercules on the labors.
Eurystheus
King Eurystheus of Mycenae.
Eurystheus was one of the grandsons of Perseus (the original epic hero) and was Hera's candidate for the hero that would rid the world of the remaining Cthonic monsters. Zeus' candidate was Heracles. In the end, Heracles won, and it was Eurystheus that gave Heracles his twelve labors (originally 10, but he ruled that the Hydra didn't count because he received help and the stables didn't count because he received payment).
Yes, in a way. She drove Heracles/Hercules into a fit of madness, so he killed his wife and children. Afterwards, when he discovered what he had done, he did the 12 labors as a way of redeeming himself. The king Eurystheus was the one who gave him those tasks.
Heracles, driven mad by Hera, slew his children by Megara. Once he was cured of the madness, he went to the Oracle of Delphi, who directed that he should serve King Eurystheus for ten years and do anything he bade. So, Eurytheus, has his mother Hera's behest, sent Heracles on his labors, expecting that he would die attempting them.
Heracles destiny is to overcome the 12 labors set before him by Eurystheus (the king of Tiryns). He has to overcome these as Hera sent madness to him one night making Heracles kill his wife and sons, he needed justice so he consulted the oracle at Delphi and was told to obey the orders of the king of Tiryns.
the king of Mycenae, Eurystheus
King Eurystheus.
Initially, Hercules was required to complete ten labors, not twelve. King Eurystheus decided Hercules' first task would be to bring him the skin of an invulnerable lion which terrorized the hills around Nemea.
Heracles was commanded by the oracle of Delphi to perform 12 labours for King Eurystheus of Mycenae. He stayed in the King's service until the labours were completed.