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The two types of body waves are longitudinal and transverse waves. In seismology longitudinal waves are known as P-waves (P = primary as they are detected by seismometers before the other seismic waves) and transverse waves are known as S-waves (S = secondary).

In longitudinal waves the material oscillates or moves backwards and forwards parallel to the direction of wave motion (a bit like someone opening and closing an Accordion). In transverse waves, the material oscillates normal (at 90 degrees) to the direction of wave motion.

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Q: What are the two types of body waves and what do they mean?
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