My guess is your garbage disposer was also replaced and they forgot to knock out the plug before connecting the disposer hose/drain It sounds like you have a vacuum breaker on the drain for the dish washer. This is probably just a coincidence but your vacuum breaker needs to be replaced or repaired. It really has nothing to do with the faucet installation.
No, if the current faucet doesn't have a sprayer, there is no place on the faucet to attach the sprayer. It would attach on the underneath side of the faucet in the center.
Possibly unscrew your aerator at the end of the spout and see if the screen is clogged. Blow it out and rescrew the aerator on. If that isn't the problem, sometimes things get caught in the spout. Unscrew the spout and turn the water on. If there is water coming from there and not out the spout when it is hooked up, the spout is plugged. If no water coming out when the spout is off, rehook spout and change cartridges or stems in the faucet AFTER shutting the water off. Depends on the brand of faucet, check the instructions for the brand and model. Also your kitchen dishwasher and sinks are run on seperate valves. The dishwasher valve is usually under the sinks (causing the water to go to the dishwasher first) the valve that was installed for the sink (before the dishwasher) may be bad too.
I just installed an American Standard kitchen faucet and it continues to run for a second or two after turning the handle. I called AS and they said it is because of the high arch and the location of the stop valve lower in the fixture. I think it may have more to do with this being a lower end kitchen faucet. During a bathroom remodel we installed a high arch Pegasus bathroom faucet and, while it is admittedly not at high as the kitchen faucet, it stop immediately and doesn't continue to run/drop at all. When I removed the Pegasus faucet filter at the spout, it behaves just like the kitchen faucet, so there's some sort of stop valve element at the spout of the Pegasus that isn't part of the AS faucet.
Get a cap for the connection the spray hose would attach to.
A copper kitchen faucet offers more fresh water compared to the stainless steel faucet. The copper kitchen faucet also has more powerful water energy and valves.
Your kitchen faucet is getting bad, the water line that runs to the dishwasher from the branch under the sink has nothing to do with the faucet. the only way the faucet would run is because the gaskets or seats are getting bad. The dishwasher will not affect any water in the house,water goes into the dishwasher and leaves through the drain, it never will reenter the water system,so if you have a white residue,it sounds like you have hard water. If this sediment is inside the washer,you might not be using the right soap for it. Also, the water for the dishwasher should be hooked up to the hot water line not cold.
The attachments for portable dishwashers are not universal, and do not fit all faucets. To fix this, a person can buy an attachment for their faucet the matches the dishwasher.
If you have bubbles coming out of your kitchen faucet, you have a venting problem. It has nothing to do with soap in your faucet.
Because your losing "volume" possibly the piping is under sized or the internal diameter was reduced by mineral deposits
Maybe the kitchen is further away and on smaller pipe.
If the faucet on the sink.can hook up to the dishwasher then yes it can.
Get an adaptor