There is no Muslim city in Western Europe.
most prosperous
Most prosperous
Medina.
There were numerous cities under Muslim control in 633 C.E. when Mohammed died. Probably the two most important cities were Mecca and Yethrib (now called Medina). Additionally, Najran, Sana'a, Aden, and Jeddah were also cities under Muslim control.
Most prosperous
Ancient Pompeii is located in Europe and is a western Italian city under control of the Roman empire***Ameri23***
Europe was not under anyone's control. It was a mass tribal areas of Celtic, Germanic, Spanish, Latin and Scythian peoples and the southern coast was dotted with Greek city-states.
It is the holiest city for Jews and 2nd most holy for Muslims and both believe that the city should be under there respective control. It is currently part of the Jewish country of Israel but is claimed by the partially recognized Muslim country of Palestine.
Istanbul, the only city that connects two continents: Asia and Europe. The city served as capital to Ottoman Empire and now it is the biggest city of Republic of Turkey. Since Turkey is a Muslim country and Istanbul is on very important trade routes, Istanbul is the best answer to that question
It lead to a Fourth Crusade six years later, and Jerusalem remained under Muslim control, which allowed unarmed Christian pilgrims to visit the city.
The only city under Palestinian control with that situation is Bethlehem. However, the cities of Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Tiberias, which are under Israeli control also elicit controversy between Christian and Muslim ethnic Palestinian Israelis (Arab-Israelis).