Neutron. Neutron.
That particle is an electron.
Protons are particles with a positive electric charge. As of now, science has concluded that there is no proton opposite (or, as we call them, 'antimatter particle') residing in the nucleus. However, some theoretical physicists theorize that the antimatter particle for a proton could be a subatomic particle called a 'negatron'. A neutron, incidentally, is neutral, and has no overall charge, and is not the opposite of a proton, contrary to assumed mass belief.
In this context, we call an electron a beta particle.
Particles in an atoms nucleus which do not have electric charge are Neutrons.
The electron moves in a cloud around the nucleus of the particle. Most atoms have several electrons occupying different energy levels and moving in differently shaped orbitals. The electron has a negative charge.
Protons are found in the nucleus of all atoms and are positively charged.
The nucleon was not "discovered" per se. That's because the term nucleon, which is a derived word coming from nucleus, can be fairly applied to either of the two particles that make up the nucleus of an atom. You already know these particles are the proton and neutron. We don't call either particle a nucleon when that particle is outside the nucleus, but only when they're inside atomic nuclei. Nucleon is actually an umbrella term that isn't "one specific particle or thing" as we know it.
the nucleus of an atom that contains the positively charged protons and the neutral neutrons
The alpha particle is positively charged (as is the nucleus) and is heavy compared with the neutron that is neutral and lighter than the alpha particle.Another viewpoint:It depends what experiment the question is about. For example, over a hundred years ago, Rutherford bombarded gold foil with alpha particles and some "bounced off" what we now call the nucleus of the atoms. However, about ten years later he did experiments in which alpha particles did indeed "split" atomic nuclei. So, sometimes alpha particles can certainly smash a nucleus apart.
In unstable neuclei where there are 'too many' neutrons, a neutron will convert to a proton and an electron - that electron is ejected from the nucleus and is called a beta particle. It is important that we call this electron a beta particle because it is derived by radioactive disintegration in the nucleus and not an 'orbital' electron.
The part of the yolk where the nucleus is located and sperm enters is a small, circular, white spot 2-3 mm across on the surface of the yolk called the magnus.
The past participle of call is called.