Eclipse
When the moon is within the shadow of the Earth, a lunar eclipse occurs. When the shadow of the moon falls on the Earth's surface, a solar eclipse occurs.
solar eclipse lunar eclipse solar is when the moons shadow blocks out the sun
Eclipse
Short Answer: If the circular orbit of the moon around the Earth were in exactly the same plane as the circular orbit of the Earth around the sun, we would get an eclipse every two weeks. But, we don't, because the orbits don't line up the shadows that create the eclipses project so we can see them. Longer Answer: From our point of view, the moon goes around the Earth every 28 days. Every two weeks then it is either between us and the sun or the Earth is between the moon and the Sun. When the Moon is between the Earth and the Sun, it casts a shadow and when that shadow falls on the Earth, we call it a solar eclipse. Mostly, the shadow misses the Earth and so the eclipse happens rarely. When the Earth is between the Moon and the Sun, it casts a shadow and when that shadow falls on the Moon, we call it a lunar eclipse. Mostly, the shadow misses the Moon and so the eclipse happens rarely. Note, when the moon is not full, it is partly covered in darkness from our view. The darkness is not the shadow of the Earth. Half the moon is always getting sunlight just as half the Earth is always getting sunlight. The darkness is because we are viewing the moon from the side and only seeing part of what is illuminated.)
penumbra
When the moon is within the shadow of the Earth, a lunar eclipse occurs. When the shadow of the moon falls on the Earth's surface, a solar eclipse occurs.
solar eclipse lunar eclipse solar is when the moons shadow blocks out the sun
This is not really a "why" sort of question.The moon has a shadow, because it's a solid opaque object.The moon's shadow sometimes falls on the Earth, because the Earth, Moon, and Sun are sometimes arranged so that that can happen.When that happens, we call it a solar eclipse. We could call it a mumblefrazz instead, and then I suppose you'd be asking why the moon's shadow was cast on Earth during a mumblefrazz.If the moon were smaller, or further away, its shadow would never fall on the earth (technically, its penumbra or anteumbra still would, but its umbra would not) and we'd never experience total mumblefrazzes.
The Moons of the Earth are really just "The Moon" plus various artifacts and satellites that some might call "artificial moons".
precipitation
Solar Ecllipse.
It is a lunar eclipse.
Eclipse
Earth only has one moon and most people call it moon. But every moon is given a Latin name. The moons Latin name is Luna.
A Satellite
Short Answer: If the circular orbit of the moon around the Earth were in exactly the same plane as the circular orbit of the Earth around the sun, we would get an eclipse every two weeks. But, we don't, because the orbits don't line up the shadows that create the eclipses project so we can see them. Longer Answer: From our point of view, the moon goes around the Earth every 28 days. Every two weeks then it is either between us and the sun or the Earth is between the moon and the Sun. When the Moon is between the Earth and the Sun, it casts a shadow and when that shadow falls on the Earth, we call it a solar eclipse. Mostly, the shadow misses the Earth and so the eclipse happens rarely. When the Earth is between the Moon and the Sun, it casts a shadow and when that shadow falls on the Moon, we call it a lunar eclipse. Mostly, the shadow misses the Moon and so the eclipse happens rarely. Note, when the moon is not full, it is partly covered in darkness from our view. The darkness is not the shadow of the Earth. Half the moon is always getting sunlight just as half the Earth is always getting sunlight. The darkness is because we are viewing the moon from the side and only seeing part of what is illuminated.)
There is only one moon in orbit around the Earth. We call it the Moon.