This answer can be very involved. Most simply, you should attempt to get your insurance adjuster and the repairer to agree on the cost of repairs. Insurance companies issue 'supplement' payment on claims regularly.
Most homeowners insurance policies cover repairs caused by storm damage, however you will have to check your policy to be certain. Usually, you will have a fixed amount of time to claim damages.
You will be liable for the difference.
Perpetual insurance is most commonly used for homeowners insurance but can also be used for fire insurance. The most frequent conditions are that the insurer must make enough money to cover the losses in the event of a claim.
No. Unless the foundation problem happened because of an earthquake or flood (and you have insurance to cover both catastrophic events), then your insurance will not cover something that has degenerated with time.
So long as you can establish the loss occurred during the term of the prior insurance policy, yes they will cover the claim.
Repairs are maintenance and homeowners insurance is not intended to cover maintenance of your home. This is up to you to maintain your home. Insurance is made to cover sudden and accidental damage of a major cause such as fire, windstorm, lightening, and like causes.
wear and tear, deterioration is not covered
Yes, if your policy has adequate coverage. If you have full coverage insurance, your car will be repaired completely and your portion of the repairs will be whatever your deductible is.
Yes it would but if it were due to the landlords negligence his liability insurance would cover the loss. Your insurance co will chase the claim against his for you. Place a claim with them.
Yes, it will cover that minus your deductible,, However you should first check to see what your deductible is. Most mailboxes are pretty cheap and likely far below the cost of your policy deductible. No point in filing an insurance claim if the cost of repairs is below your deductible.
It covers physical damage to your car. It will pay for repairs.
No. But if you have proof positive that the mechanic caused the damage, HIS insurance will cover the repairs. Call your local office of the State Attorney General.