The usual Old Norse form of Norway is Noregr, and the usual mediaeval Latin form Nor(th)vegia, though the earliest known written occurrence of the name is English (in the late-ninth-century account of the travels of Ohthere of Hålogaland), in the form norðweg. Although some mediaeval texts attribute the name to a mythical King Nórr, it is conventionally derived today from Old Norse *norðvegr, meaning "the northern route" (the way northwards). Norse also had the terms austrvegr "the lands in the east" (Russia and Asia), vestrvegr "the lands in the west" (the British Isles) and suðrvegr "the lands in the south" (the Mediterranean). There is, however, some possibility that mediaeval forms in norð-, north- are folk-etymologizations and that the name has other origins.
Source: Wikipedia
Nowhere. You mean Norway. People from Norway are Norwegian. I believe this is how you became confused.
This is a long and difficult question, depending if you mean historically in the viking era, or modern Norway. As I assume you mean modern times, Norway got they're independence from Sweden in 1905 almost 100 years after the constitution of Norway was signed in 1814.
"Hallo" or "Hei".
You mean historical?
'norwegian'???? I think you mean 'Norway. The capital city is Oslo. 'Norwegian' is the adjective to describe Norway. .e.g. people speak the norwegian language in Norway.
That depends on if you mean by geography or culture. By geography, Norway is closest to Sweden, but culturally, Norway is probably closer to Denmark.
It means "people from Norway".
It means that the nation Norway owns it.
You mean like the vikings?
If you mean what I think, it would be: Jeg skal til Norge. (I'm going to Norway) 'You are leaving for Norway': 'Du reiser til Norge'
The cross symbolizes Christianity.
It is a dish of meat and potatoes that comes from Norway.