lack of air or overfueling although there are many causes of both
Black smoke, from any diesel, is the result of partially burned fuel. Overfueling will cause black smoke.
overfueling, ignition/valve timing out, or hopefully just air leaking through knackered exhaust gasket into pipe, all causing secondary combustion.
Yes, it's overfueling, a common fault on this model. You need to take out the spark plugs and dry them, a hair drier will do it. Leave the plugs out for maybe an hour to allow the excess fuel to evaporate in the engine. Replace the plugs and try to start - do not touch the accelerator until it has started. Never stop the engine until it begins to warm up, at least five minutes, or until the temp gauge begins to move.
Lack of oil Overheating or lack of water Poor quality fuel Water ingestion into the intake Poor or no air filtration Overfueling with a power chip These are the big ones. But the possibilities are endless.
Check the engine coolant temprature sensor it may be sending the wrong signals to the ECU making the ECU think the engine is cold and overfueling the engine.
auto choke on those things is nasty... usually on really hot days mine does that because the engine management system is overfueling the engine and causing it to "flood" the reason it doesnt start up straight away is because the EMS receives data from the lambda sensor which then forces the EMS to underfuel the engine and counterbalance the effects of overfueling or flooding, which makes the engine run fine.
The engine needs tuning to reduce the fuel flow to the injector. Check also the fuel filter.
black smoke is usually a sign of bad piston rings, meaning they arent sealing correctly, and meaning that they need replaced which means a total engine rebuild basically.
he was a mean person who lived with mean people in a mean castle on a mean hill in a mean country in a mean continent in a mean world in a mean solar system in a mean galaxy in a mean universe in a mean dimension
you mean what you mean
Mean is the average.