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What effect does organic solutes have on the permeability of beetroot cell membrane?
Wiki User
∙ 8y ago
The rate of osmosis is dependent on the gradient between the solute concentrations, the permeability of the membrane and of course, the temperature of the solution. Temperature affects the rate because the warmer the temperature the faster the diffusion will take place.
Wiki User
∙ 9y ago
Wiki User
∙ 11y agoEffect of Heat:
When you heat a beetroot, you disrupt the cell membranes. A biological membrane is made of a so-called phospholipid bilayer. These are formed because the phospholipids that make it up have a polar "water-loving" (hydrophyllic) head and a "water-hating" (hydrophobic) tail. The tails pack together, exposing only the polar heads to the water. The most effective way of doing this is to create two blankets one atop the other, with the fatty acid tails towards each other. This is the phospholipid bilayer.
In a cell they form sacks. One goes all around the cell (the plasma membrane), others may form vacuoles (such as the tonoplast). Yet others may be like stacks of half empty bags (the endothelial reticulum, which is also continuous with the nuclear envelope. In these lipid seas, there will be a number of proteins in various degrees of submersion. Some span all the bilayer, thus being exposed on both sides. Others just drift on either of its surfaces. Typically, you will find that about 70% of a cell membrane is protein. The water around and within the compartments formed by the phospholipid bilayers is also crammed with protein (= cytoplasm).
So what happens when you heat this? When you heat something you give it energy. Molecules start to spin and vibrate faster. The water will expand too. This will have a disruptive effect on any membrane in its way. To make things worse, lipids become more fluid as temperature goes up (think of what happens when you heat butter) so the membranes become more fragile.
Proteins are remarkable machines: they're formed of coiled and folded strings of amino-acids, held together by hydrogen bonds and disulphide bridges. If you heat them too much, they will untangle and break apart (vibrations again). When this happens to the proteins spanning a lipid membrane, they will form holes that will destroy the delicate structure. Now, any pigments in the innermost compartment will spill out.
So summing it all up; the higher the temperature the more the beetroot cell membrane will be damaged releasing more dye
Resourse: www.biologymad.com/resourcesbeetroot%20pigment2.doc
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The classes of membrane proteins that permit water and solutes to bypass the lipid portion of the cell membrane are?
There are three classes of membrane transport proteins that permit water and solutes to bypass the lipid portion of the cell membrane. They are uniporters, symporters, and antiporters.
What chief force pushing water and solutes out of the blood across the filtration membrane is?
True.
What are non polar solutes?
Many organic substances are nonpolar: oils, greases, etc.
What cell membrane have?
Eukaryotes have membrane bound organelles. But not all organelles are bound by a membrane, for example free ribosomes.
What regulates the flow of water through a cell membranes?
concentration of water A concentration of solutes regulates the flow of water through a cell membrane.
Do solutes on each side of the membrane change over time?
Maybe, maybe not. You would need to specify the nature of the solutes, the permeability of the membrane to each, and the pressures involved.
What are solutes that can destroy cell membrane?
detergents or organic solvents
What does permeability depend on?
Permeability depends on membrane solubility and the presence of specific integral transport proteins. Other factors such as pressure, concentration, and temperature of the molecules or solutes on either side, as well as the size of the molecules can also affect permeability.
The classes of membrane proteins that permit water and solutes to bypass the lipid portion of the cell membrane are?
There are three classes of membrane transport proteins that permit water and solutes to bypass the lipid portion of the cell membrane. They are uniporters, symporters, and antiporters.
Why is selective permeability important?
Selecive permeability is important because it keeps cells functioning properly by letting only wanted molecules (solutes) in and unwanted solutes out. In addition to keeping the "bad stuff" out (e.g. bacteria, viruses), selective permeability is essential to the function of our nervous system. Without it, our neurons would not "fire". This is because selective permeability (think sodium potassium protein pump and active transport that requires ATP), creates a negative membrane potential. At rest potassium ions flow out but the membrane is impermeable to sodium ions. Neuron to neuron signaling occurs when there is a depolarization at an axon that causes the permeability to temporarily "switch" so that potassium and sodium ions can enter the cell. This triggers an action potential which jumps along nerve cells. This action potential is converted into a chemical signal as it triggers a calcium ion influx which in turns triggers the production and transportation of neurotransmitter-vesicles, and exocytosis into the synapse between neurons. Receptors on the adjacent neuron receive the neurotransmitter and the "signal" is communicated onwards. Protein pumps return levels of Na, K and CA to "resting" levels awaiting the next signal. Without selective permeability gradients of Na, K, CA and other ions could not be created to "drive" these and other processes. There is much more that can be said about selective permeability. It allows glycoproteins to sit in the cell membrane and act as antibodies and glycolipids to act as signals on the cell membrane. Proteins embedded in the cell membrane can change shape and respond to feedback loops controlling the influx and efflux of substances and maintaining homeostasis.
Moves small or lipid-soluble solutes through the membrane?
simple diffusion
What does diffusion across the cell membrane cause?
A change in concentration of solutes on either side of the membrane. Depending on the tonicity of the inner-membrane and the outside of the membrane, plasmolysis or cytolysis may occur.
What is a description of the process of cotransport?
In cotransport, a membrane protein couples the transport of two solutes.
What chief force pushing water and solutes out of the blood across the filtration membrane is?
True.
What are non polar solutes?
Many organic substances are nonpolar: oils, greases, etc.
How do you define term membrane transport?
Membrane transport is the collection of mechanisms that regulate the passage of solutes and small molecules through biological membranes.
What is selecticely permeable?
Selective permeability usually refers to the ability of a membrane to regulate the movement of materials. An intervening membrane can physically prevent a solute from diffusing down its concentration gradient. This allows cells, for example, to maintain a cytoplasm with a different composition than the extra-cellular fluid. A membrane may contain protein channels for the passive diffusion of a specific substance, actively acquire or discharge others, and have no channels to facilitate the movement of another. Thus, the membrane is selectively permeable for different solutes, usually depending on the needs of the cell.
