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What essential cell process does antibiotics disrupt protein synthesis?
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Why do protein synthesis inhibitor a.k.a antibiotics affect bacteria only but not human cells?
most of the antibiotics kill or inactivate bacteria by inhibitting the protein synthesis... protein synthesis consists of 'transcription' and 'translation'.. the translation process requiers mRNA and ribosomes.Human(eukaryotic) ribosome is different from bacterial(prokaryotic) ribosome... Antibiotics inhibit the protein synthesis by altering the ribosomal constitution.Since human ribosomes are different from bacterial ribosome,the substances which are harmful to bacterial ribosome doesn't harm human ribosomes.. Thus human cells are immune to antibiotics..
What process cause the misreading of of bacteria mRNA and the breakup of polysomes?
Aminoglycosides. They're antibiotics, or more specifically protein synthesis inhibitors
What important process is disrupted in bacterial cells when bacterial ribosomes are disabled by antibiotics?
The synthesis of proteins, of course. The ribosomes are the " workbench " on which proteins are synthesized. Without proteins for construction and enzymes the bacteria is in real trouble.
What synthesis is the polymerization process in which a water molecule is lost in the process?
Dehydration synthesis
How do antibiotics affect protein synthesis?
Generally not: antibiotics are essentially antibacterials, that is drugs counteracting bacterial infections like pneumonia, salmonella and the like. The specific mechanism of working of antibiotics depends on the specific drug under examination. Penicillin and its derivatives are bacterial killers: they enters into the bacteria membrane and inhibit basic bacteria life processes. A few of these processes are also related to bacteria proteins syntheses and, under this point of view, these class of antibiotics are also protein synthesis inhibitors. The important think to remember is that they inhibit, among other effects, the synthesis of bacterial proteins, not of the host (generally a human) protein syntheses. Other antibiotics inhibits bacteria multiplication by thwarting bacteria DNA splitting and replication. Also in this case, since many proteins are involved in the DNA replication process, bacteria proteins are involved, but the main antibiotics effect is to inhibit DNA replication.
In the dialectic process what works with the thesis to form the synthesis?
In the dialectic process, the antithesis works with the thesis to form synthesis.
What is protein synthesis-?
Protein synthesis is the process by which proteins are made in the body.
Why do antibiotics work against bacteria and not viruses?
Antibiotics disrupt bacterial cell processes that result in either killing the bacteria, preventing it from reproducing, or preventing it from causing symptoms in humans. For example: penicillin disrupts the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall in mostly gram positive bacteria. This prevents the growth of the target bacteria. Any gram negative bacteria will be unaffected by penicillin because they have a different process of synthesizing cell walls that is not disrupted by penicillin. Viruses don't even have a cell wall, they have a protein coat and sometimes an envelope. Neither of these are affected by penicillin. So antibiotics target specific processes that only occur in specific types of bacteria, so each antibiotic will only work on some bacteria and never on viruses. The virus version of antibiotics are called interferon, they disrupt processes that are specific to viruses.
What is the mode of action of antimicrobial drugs?
Different antibiotics have different modes of action, owing to the nature of their structure and degree of affinity to certain target sites within bacterial cells. Inhibitors of cell wall synthesis. A drug that targets cell walls can therefore selectively kill or inhibit bacterial organisms. Examples: penicllins, cephalosporins, bacitracin and Vancomycin. Inhibitors of cell membrane function. A disruption or damage to this structure could result in leakage of important solutes essential for the cell's survival. It can often be toxic for use in the mammalian host. Most clinical usage is therefore limited to topical applications. Examples: polymixin B and colistin. Inhibitors of protein synthesis. Enzymes and cellular structures are primarily made of proteins. Protein synthesis is an essential process necessary for the multiplication and survival of all bacterial cells. They lead to the death of the organism or the inhibition of its growth and multiplication. Examples: Aminoglycosides, macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramins, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines. Inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis. DNA and RNA are keys to the replication of all living forms, including bacteria. Some antibiotics work by binding to components involved in the process of DNA or RNA synthesis, which causes interference of the normal cellular processes. Examples: quinolones, metronidazole, and rifampin. Inhibitors of other metabolic processes. Other antibiotics act on selected cellular processes essential for the survival of the bacterial pathogens. For example: sulfonamides and trimethoprim.
What works with the thesis to form the synthesis in the dialectic process?
In the dialectic process, the antithesis works with the thesis to form synthesis.
What is the process of polypeptide synthesis?
translation
Ribosomes participate in the process of?
dehydration synthesis
