Ikd
Because bacteria can absorb free DNA and become pathogenic (in this case, sometimes it's harmless). But that is only one of three ways bacteria can get new genes:
Transduction- genes transferred from one bacteria to another by a virus
Transfection- What happened in this experiment
Conjunction- Bacterial "Sex"
Ikd
Cooking the food. Raising the heat to te proper level kills bacteria.
Mixing a heat-killed pathogenic strain of bacteria with a living nonpathogenic strain can convert some of the living cells into the pathogenic form.
S Strain ---> inject into mice ---> Mice Die R Strain ---> inject into mice ---> Mice Live Griffith was able to kill bacteria by heating them. He observed that heat-killed S Strain bacteria injected into mice did not kill them. When he S Strain (heat Killed) ---> Injected into mice ---> Mice Live S Strain ( heat Killed) + R Strain (Live) ---> Injected into mice ---> Mice Die
A very important characteristic about bacteria actually created live S-strain to exist in the dead injected mouse. Bacteria is competent, in biological terms, meaning that cells can take up "naked" DNA from it's environment. Knowing that fact, when the heat-killed S-strain pneumoccus mixed with the live R-strain, the R-strain took in the DNA, therefore inheriting the deadly coating of the S-strain. So the R became S, and killed the mouse.
What did griffith observe when he injected into mice a mixture of heat-killed disease-causing bacteria and live harmless bacteria?
The mice injected with mixture died
Frederick Griffith hypothesized that live, harmless bacteria and the heat-killed bacteria were mixed, some factor was transferred from the heat-killed cells into the live cells! it has nothing to do with bats flying thru walls!!
Louis Pasteur
Toxins are not alive, they are just chemicals which hurt us. They can be made by bacteria among other things. The bacteria can be killed by sufficient heat, but not all toxins are destroyed by heat.
Cooking the food. Raising the heat to te proper level kills bacteria.
Bacteria can be killed by various methods, including heat, antibiotics, disinfectants, and certain chemicals. Heat can denature the proteins in bacteria, leading to their death. Antibiotics target specific pathways or structures in bacteria, preventing their growth and reproduction. Disinfectants and chemicals can disrupt the cell membrane or interfere with the metabolic processes of bacteria, leading to their elimination.
The live R bacteria acquired a capsule and became live, virulent S bacteria.
pathogenic microbes.Mostly,bacteria with poor heat resistant.
The amount of bacteria killed by steam depends on various factors such as temperature, exposure time, and bacterial species. Steam can be an effective method for killing bacteria as the heat can denature and destroy proteins essential for bacterial survival. However, some heat-resistant bacteria may require higher temperatures or longer exposure times to be effectively killed by steam.
Heat killed S bacteria in Griffith's experiment was because of the temperature of the heat. The heat was high enough to kill many things like proteins and enzymes, so the bacteria could not create endospores to harm the immune system.
that it was very gay
To find out, he took a culture of these cells, heated the bacteria to kill them, and injected the heat-killed bacteria into the mice. The Mice survived, suggesting that the cause of pneumonia was not a chemical poison released by the disease-causing bacteria.