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When Richard I was crowned king in 1189 he was crowned not only as king but as a crusader. Using religious zeal as an excuse, his courtiers beat up the Jews who appeared in order to do him homage as their feudal lord. Anti-Jewish rioting swept through London and spread to some provincial areas, too. Richard I was keen to leave for his crusade quickly. Though he put an end to the riots in London, he merely instructed untrustworthy subordinates to quell the riots elsewhere.

In York in March 1190 the Jews were attacked, partly by local knights who owed some of them money. There were taken into York Castle for protection, but much of the castle was only built of wood. There about 150 Jews in Clifford Tower, which the rioters managed to reach ... The terrified Jews inside committed mass suicide.

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Q: What happened to the Jews in York in 1190?
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The Crusades (1096 on) saw an upsurge of violence against the Jews in Europe. When Richard I (Lion Heart) was crowned in 1189 he was crowned not only as King of England but as a crusader, which encouraged religious fanaticism ... When leading members of the Jewish community turned up to do homage to him as their feudal lord they were savagely beaten up. Rumours circulated that he had ordered the killing of all Jews in England - and many Jews in London were killed by mobs. The anti-Jewish violence spread to the provinces and continued for several months. For details of the events at York in March 1190 please see the link.


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