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What happens to the fluid when you step on the brake of a car?
ICanTranformYa
Stepping on the brake pedal pushes a piston into what is called a brake master cylinder. (The master cylinder may or may not have a vacuum assist.) The brake fluid transfers the pressure through the brake lines to the wheels.
At the wheels, the brake fluid will push out pistons in brake calipers on vehicles with disk brakes. These pistons will push the brake pads out against the rotor to apply friction and stop the vehicle.
In vehicles with drum brakes, the brake fluid will apply pressure to a double acting piston (the usual design). Inside the piston body, the pressure pushes out the two pistons, and these pistons push out brake shoes. The brake shoes press against the inside of the drum of that wheel, and friction is applied to stop the vehicle.
In either case, the kinetic (mechanical) energy of the moving vehicle is converted into thermal energy when the brakes are applied. Note that electric or hybrid vehicles usually have regenerative braking systems. In these cases there may be a conversion of the kinetic energy of the vehicle into electricity, which is used to recharge batteries. But electric or hybrid vehicles equipped with regenerative brakes also have "regular" hydraulic brakes to provide a positive stop.
The principle of operation is that the pressure on the brake pedal is transferred into the brake fluid. This fluid is largely incompressible, and the brake system will then deliver that same pressure to the wheels to force brake pads against a brake rotor or brake shoes against a brake drum. It is a hydraulic systemwith all the benefits and cautionary notes that come with such a setup.
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