It means you have a Dual Core (or Core 2 Duo) processor. Think of it as two processors packed together as one unit. Most software today does not yet take advantage of dual core processors.
There are version of Intel Pentium one through four as well as Intel Pentium Pro, Intel Pentium D, Intel Pentium M, Pentium (2009), and Pentium Duel Core.
Intel 8088 Intel 8086 Intel 286 Intel 386 Intel 486 Intel Pentium Intel Pentium II Intel Pentium III Intel Pentium IV Intel Itanium Motorola 6800 Zilog Z80
The Intel Pentium Dual-Core is much faster.
No. The Pentium predates the Pentium D by more than a decade.
Yes.
On the contrary
No, you cannot.
They are no longer manufactured.
There is no such thing as an "Intel Premium" processor, and the Intel Pentium is 16 years old.
The Intel Pentium III was released on February 26, 1999.
No. It is much more powerful.
Both processors are in the Pentium Dual Core family. The Pentium Dual Core E2200 is better than the other.