If one nation, or an independent piece of territory, is surrounded totally by one other it is called an enclave.
If it is not an independent piece of territory, but is a part of a different country, it is called an exclave.
The term is "landlocked"
Lesotho is a country that is completely surrounded by another country. It is surrounded by South Africa
The tiny 61 kilometer San Marino, is completely surrounded by Italy. Although it is rather odd, San Marino is older than Italy by over 1000 years! The Republic of San Marino was founded around year 310 C.E., Making it the oldest republic in the world.
Vatican City, San Marino, and Lesotho.
Landlocked.
No, it is not completely encircled by South America. Lesotho is a country in the continent of Africa, and is completely surrounded by the country called South Africa.
The region of a country bordering on another or a line, barrier, etc., marking such a border is called a frontier. A frontier is also the edge of the settled area of a country.
No. However there is a city called Cotonou in the country called Benin.
They are called immigrants, a person that comes to a country where they were not born, to settle there.
It might be an urban agglomeration, a conurbation or a metropolitan area.
That country is called a landlocked country, meaning it is surrounded by other countries and has no coastline.
No, it is not completely encircled by South America. Lesotho is a country in the continent of Africa, and is completely surrounded by the country called South Africa.
A country with no water around its border is called a landlocked country. This means that the country is completely surrounded by land and does not have any coastlines or access to the sea.
There is no Batican City but there is a country called Vatican City. It is the smallest country in the world and is completely surrounded by the city of Rome, in Italy.
A small country inside another country is typically referred to as an enclave. This means that the smaller country is surrounded by the territory of the larger country.
Islands
They are called islands
All islands are completely surrounded by water. That is what makes them islands. Since all islands are surrounded by water, there is no specific name for that type of island.
A lake?
It is an island.
island
A body of water completely surrounded by land is called a lake.