In electrical engineering, impedance measures how easily a circuit conducts current when a voltage runs through it. Measured in ohms, impedance is a way of telling you how much of the voltage introduced at one end will really make it to the other end.
The base of a transistor is basically a diode wich follows an exponential curve at very low level it display an almost infinite inpedance but at hi lelvel any additional diode current will not increase its voltage drop therefore a nominal value is assigned of .6v to .7v
UTP-Unshielded Twisted Pair. Normally UTP contains 8 wires or 4 pair. 100 meter maximum length. 4-100 Mbps speed.STP-Shielded twisted pair. 100 meter maximum length. 16-155 Mbps speed. Lower electrical interference than UTP