It depends on the element. For example, when iron loses electrons and formes iron-oxide, it is called rusting. With radioactive elements like uranium, it is called degrading, collapsing, or decomposing. A general word for this is reacting but this is a very bad word because it could mean gaining an element or something completely different.
Further answer
When it or loses or gains electrons it becomes charged - either positively or negatively. This not the same as decay, which happens to radioactive elements, and is caused by the nucleus breaking up and ejecting particles and becoming another element
ionization.
electric charge
Electrons
covalent/ionic bonding.
When an atom loses or gains electrons, it becomes an ion.
A net charge results when an atom gains or loses electrons. If it loses electrons, it gains a positive charge, if it gains them, it gains a net negative charge.
electric charge
no
when an object gains or loses electrons
Electrons
An atom that gains or loses electrons is called an ion. If it gains electrons, it results in a negative ion called an anion. If it loses electrons, it results in a positive ion called a cation.
It's safe to say if an object gains or loses electrons its electric charge has changed. If it was overall electrically neutral before it lost electrons, it would then have a positive charge; if it acquired electrons from initially being neutral, it would have a negative charge. At the atomic level this is called ionization.
When it gains or loses electrons, usually by friction with another object.
an ion
covalent/ionic bonding.
Peanuts are AMAZING! Especially when they are boiled.
It is called an ion.
Atoms that gain or lose electrons are called ions. If it gains one or more electrons it becomes negative it is called an anion. If it loses one or more electrons and becomes positive it is called a cation.