A penology system based on the premise that solitary confinement and silence would encourage rehabilitation and reformation.
New York, Pennsylvania Oregon
mechanism for social control. ;]
Quaker penance and the Pennsylvania style of imprisonment are tied to the 17th and 18th centuries, during the period of Enlightenment and early American colonial history. The Quakers advocated for reform in the penal system, emphasizing rehabilitation and moral reflection rather than harsh punishment. This led to the development of the Pennsylvania system of imprisonment, which focused on solitary confinement and reflection as a means of penance and reform for offenders.
The method of penal control that forbade inmates from seeing or talking to each other is known as the "separate system" or "Pennsylvania system." This approach aimed to rehabilitate prisoners through solitary confinement, allowing them to reflect on their crimes without the influence of other inmates. It was implemented in facilities like the Eastern State Penitentiary in Philadelphia. The system was based on the belief that isolation would lead to penance and reform.
University of Pennsylvania Health System was created in 1993.
From what I can find, the first modern prison in the US, what could be called a prison or penetentiary was the Walnut Street Jail, built in 1773 in Philladelphia, PA. More accurately, the US was built on the idea of the penal system, insofar as there were several penal colonies chartered in America by European nations; think Georgia.
The Ticket of Leave system was developed by Alexander Maconochie, a Scottish penal reformer, for the penal colony of Norfolk Island in the 1830s. The system allowed well-behaved prisoners to be released from confinement under certain conditions, such as finding employment and reporting regularly to authorities.
The purpose of the penal system is to maintain social order by enforcing laws and administering justice for criminal behavior. It aims to deter crime, rehabilitate offenders, and protect society by removing dangerous individuals. Additionally, it seeks to provide restitution to victims and uphold the rule of law, ensuring that consequences are applied fairly and consistently. Ultimately, the penal system strives to balance punishment with opportunities for reform and reintegration into society.
Many colonies were founded as places to exile criminals to, and were called penal colonies. For example, Sydney in New South Wales, Australia, was a penal colony. If you are referring to colonies for the persecuted, there were also many examples. Two would include Plymouth, Massachusetts for the Pilgrims, and Pennsylvania for the Quakers.
It was a system for nominating the governor.
the noun form of the adjective 'penal' is penalty.
The name first given to a convict in the British penal system was a "transportee," as individuals found guilty of crimes were often transported to penal colonies, such as Australia, as a form of punishment.