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ALL lower courts, both state and federal, can be reviewed by the Supreme Court. Every court in the nation is subordinate to the US Supreme Court.
WhenÊ a writ of Certiorari is denied it means that whatever case was asked to be reviewed or heardÊby the higher court will not be reviewed or heard, for whatever reason.
If what you mean by a federal system you mean a supreme court, then NO. The only person who can bring a case to the supreme court is a lower court. Typically a case will get heard in a circuit court, then if contested, the findings will be reviewed by an appeals court and if it gets farther than that it will be reviewed by a state supreme court and eventually (only if it is a federal issue) it will be heard by the US supreme court. So technically a police officer can't bring it there, but he/she can be the initiator of the case on the lower level.Cheers!
petition for a writ of certiorari
The lower court decision from the highest court that reviewed the case becomes final and legally binding.
The Supreme Court of the United States decides the constitutionality (whether it follows the Constitution) of any law that is part of a case being reviewed under their appellate jurisdiction. The decision of the Supreme Court is final.
Marbury v. Madison
The only state courts eligible to have cases reviewed by the US Supreme Court are the state supreme courts or court of appeals immediately under the state supreme court (if that court declines review), because a case must exhaust all appellate options before any party can petition the US Supreme Court for a writ of certiorari. State supreme courts can avoid having their cases reviewed by never accepting a case that involves questions of federal or constitutional law. Barring that, they could pay careful attention to case law and not make a ruling in conflict with an established precedent. Barring that, they can only hope whoever loses the state supreme court appeal doesn't petition the US Supreme Court for a writ of certiorari or, if they do, hope that the case isn't sufficiently compelling that it attracts four of the Justices' interest.
Marbury v. Madison
Marbury v. Madison
Marbury v. Madison
Marbury v. Madison