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Cost of course depends on capacity and desalination method. Shoaiba Desalination Plant, Saudi Arabia, uses MSF Flash technology with a total output capcity of 128 million gallons per day. Cost 1.6 billion $US.
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Give an example of a technology for cleaning up power plant emissions?
Technology will not help. Trees and plants are powerful and will take all the power plant emissions right out of the air.
Thermal efficiency in a coal fired power plant?
It can be up to 40 percent in modern plants, less in old ones
What is plant commissioning?
commissioning...its inspecting a piece of equipment or plant to make sure you got what you paid for...i.e. the vendor build the correct thing...part of it is making sure it is safe to start up. This can be done by comparing the as built to the drawings.
What is calcium carbonate scale and calcium sulphate scale in desalination plant?
Scale formation represents a major operational problem encountered in thermal desalination plants. Scale may form because of the composition of the make-up, but mostly develops as a result of further change occurring during evaporation. Scale formation is mainly caused by crystallization of alkaline scales, e.g., CaCO3 and Mg(OH)2 and non-alkaline scale, e.g., CaSO4. The formation of CaCO3 scale strongly depends on temperature, pH, and the release rate of CO2 as well as on the concentrations of HCO3-, CO32-, Ca2+, and Mg2+ ions. Scaling in industrial processes is affected by the following factors: (i) bulk variables and composition, i.e. CaCO3 precipitation potential, pH buffering capacity, chloride and sulfate concentrations and concentration of dissolved oxygen, (ii) thermal effect, i.e. heat flux, surface temperature and bulk temperature, (iii) flow field, i.e. velocity of flow and solid/liquid interface conditions and (iv) substrate properties, i.e. materials properties and surface conditions.In previous works, Al-Rawajfeh et al. [1-3] have modeled the CO2 release rates in multiple-effect distillers (MED)distillers. This model did not account for the deposition of alkaline scale and its effect on CO2 release rates. Calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide were assumed to precipitate at negligible rates. Recently, Al-Rawajfeh [4,5] developed a model to simulate the simultaneous release of CO2 with the deposition of CaCO3 and investigated their mutual release-deposition relationship in MED [4] and in the flash chambers in MSF distillers [5]. The influence of CO2 injection on the carbonate chemistry and the scale formation were also studied [6]. The model begin to calculate the CaCO3-Mg(OH)2 (alkaline) scale in the brine chambers, because part of the scale is deposited there and will be reduced from the total scale precipitate or reduce the ions available to precipitate CaSO4 scale inside the tubes when it is recycled with the make-up. Details on the CO2 release and alkaline scale modeling can be found in previous works [1-6].REFERENCES[1] Al-Rawajfeh, A. E., Glade, H., Ulrich, J., CO2 release in multiple-effect distillers Controlled by mass transfer with chemical reaction. Desalination, vol. 156, PP. 109-123, 2003.[2] Al-Rawajfeh, A. E., Glade, H., Qiblawey, H. M., Ulrich, J., Simulation of CO2 release in multiple-effect distillers. Desalination, vol. 166, PP. 41-52, 2004.[3] Al-Rawajfeh, A. E., Glade, H., Ulrich, J., Scaling in multiple-effect distillers: the role of CO2 release. Desalination, vol. 182, PP. 209-219, 2005.[4] Al-Rawajfeh, A.E., Modelling of Alkaline Scale Formation in Falling-Film Horizontal-Tubes Multiple-Effect Distillers. Desalination, vol. 205, PP. 124-139, 2007.[5] Al-Rawajfeh, A.E., Simultaneous desorption-crystallization of CO2- CaCO3 in multistage flash (MSF) distillers. Chem. Eng. Proc., Proc. Inten., vol. 47, PP. 2262-2269, 2008.[6] Al-Rawajfeh, A.E., Al-Amaireh, M. N., The influence of CO2 injection on the carbonate chemistry and scaling in multiple-effect distillers. Desalination & Water Treat., vol. 7, PP. 191-197, 2009.
How work cryogenic air separation plant?
air moisture free remove CO2 water vapour cooled air entered cryogenic unit . air cooled up to lowest temp. air making form liquid. after cooled up to -180- -195oc air separation started o2 separate up to boiling point . N2 separate -195oc.after separation o2 &N2 heat exchange to entered air. &making pure liquid form
How much does it cost to build a desalination plant?
desaltination plants cost alot of money to both run and build. It can cost up to millions, maybe even billions of dollars.
A water desalination plant is set up near a salt marsh containing water that is?
nirates
How expensive is desalination?
Depending on the size of the desalination plant and where it is being built it can cost Millions of Dollars to buid but seem to produce very clean water for between US$0.49 and US0.53 per cubic meter. The costs are coming down, the quality is going up and the choises available are getting wider.
What is setup cost?
Setup cost is the cost of setting up the machine for manufacturing of units of product.
What country uses desalination?
Perth and Melbourne use it in Australia because they are near the sea, Israel, Saudi Arabia, and several Persian Gulf countries use desalination plants as well given the amount of desert they contain.
What were the difficulties faced by jamshedji tata to setting up the steel plant at jamshedpur?
nothing
What were the difficulties faced by the jamshedji tata to setting up the steel plant at jamshedpur?
nothing
What is the cost of setting up surveillance cameras?
The cost of setting up surveillance camera will vary greatly depending on the type of equipement you choose to install. It will also depend on if your installing them yourself or paying a company to have it done.
What is the cost of living in Peru?
The cost of living in Peru is quite high. The transportation cost, the production cost, and the cost of setting up a business in Peru is very high hence the high cost of living.
What are benefits of setting up a vpn?
greater security increased reliability more cost effectiveness
What is the average cost for the telecommuter?
According to Cisco, the cost for setting up a teleworker is between $500 and $1,500, depending on the technology needed. If a notebook computer is included, the cost could go up to $2,500.
What is meant by plant location?
It refers to the choice of region and the selection of a particular site for setting up a Business or Factory.
