A somatic body cell contains two sets of chromosomes called diploid number. Gametes i.e. sperms and eggs have haploid number of chromosomes , they are produced by meiosis , they fuse to restore diploid number ,e.g. in man diploid no. is 46 and haploid no. is 23 .
what is the difference between autosome and sex chromosomes
DNA is in genes, and genes are in chromosomes.
Chromosome Nucleosome
Since the genes are on the chromosomes, segregation of the chromosomes is also segregation of the genes.
Diploid and Haploid differs in count in humans. There are 23 chromosomes in a Haploid cell while diploid has 46 chromosomes.
Chromosomes carry genes. Genes are inherited material that is in chromosomes. Traits are determined by the genetic information found on chromosomes.
Mitosis = doubling of chromosomes. Meiosis = halving of chromosomes.
Chromosomes of eukaryotes are composed of DNA and protein. Chromosomes of prokaryotes have DNA only.
Homologous chromosomes are individual chromosomes inherited from each parent. Sister chromatids are the result of DNA replication, and the are identical.
Male is XY , female is XX .
in meisois they grow through more stages.
homozygous is where the 2 chromosomes are the same. ex- rr, RR heterozygous is where the 2 chromosomes are different. ex- Rr