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"Knockdown power" is subjective, and truthfully, isn't really a correct term. However, .38s and 9mms have different efficiency depending on the specificication of the particular cartridge and the barrel length of the gun from which it's fired. It's difficult to compare the two with any real accuracy because there are too many variables. If you don't have access to any ballistics charts, try an internet search for handgun ballistics and compare them for yourself.

IMPROVING ANSWER: If you believe that a lighter but faster bullet is the one that dumps the most kinetic energy into the target, the 9mm will be measurably better at "knockdown" because although the bullet is slightly lower in mass it will hit with maybe 30% faster velocity (compare 800 f.p.s. for the .38 with maybe 1,200 feet-per-second for the 9mm).

But the .38 special will use longer and heavier bullets, with 158 grain being common and even 200-grains sometimes.

As a matter of the science of physics, the energy formula for a moving object depends on velocity squared, or velocity x velocity. So that means that velocity is more important than mass for achieving a high level of energy.

But in a practical sense, it's not "kinetic energy" that knocks down a bad guy or a big game animal. The most kinetic energy a bullet can deliver is equal is to the kinetic energy that the gun produces on the shooter's end-- recoil.

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Q: What is the difference in knockdown power between a 9mm and a .38 caliber?
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