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It depends on a number of factors. First of course is the aircraft itself - the larger, and heavier it is, the larger the mass that needs to be accelerated. Second is the weight of everything being carried - not just fuel, passengers, and cargo, but also components like seats, galley and lavatory compartments if on a commercial aircraft (since that is all modular), and so forth.

On top of that, weather plays a role in the performance of an aircraft during takeoff. Hot and humid means longer takeoff rolls by necessity, and if it gets TOO got and humid, certain aircraft will end up grounded - look at what happened in Arizona as temperatures exceeded 130*F a number of weeks ago. Additionally, wind plays a role. While you are in the air, a headwind will slow you down a bit, but when on the ground, doing that takeoff roll, the headwind is actually EXTREMELY beneficial, providing additional lift.

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Q: What is the minimum takeoff speed of an aircraft?
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What is v1 rotate?

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What is v1?

V1 is a v-speed, in aircraft terminology v-speeds are specific speeds for various operations. Takeoff speed is V2, maximum speed with landing gear extended is VLE, maximum speed with flaps extended is VFE. These speeds vary from model to model & so its important for pilots to familiarize themselves with the v-speeds of any aircraft they intend to fly. V1 is the maximum speed during takeoff at which a pilot can safely stop the aircraft without leaving the runway. This is also the minimum speed that allows the pilot to safely continue (to V2 takeoff) even if a critical engine failure occurs (between V1 and V2). So basically V1 is the point of no return, once you've hit V1, you are committed to the takeoff, even if you lose an engine you're better off flying than you are trying to stop.


What is the maximum speed limit on a runway?

There is no speed limit, aircraft have differant take-off speeds called V1 - is the critical engine failure recognition speed or takeoff decision speed. It is the decision speed nominated by the pilot which satisfies all safety rules, and above which the takeoff will continue even if an engine fails. The speed will vary between aircraft types and also due to aircraft weight, runway length, wing flap setting, engine thrust used, runway surface contamination and other factors V 2 - Takeoff safety speed. The speed at which the aircraft may safely become airborne with one engine inoperative. -Wikipedia


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