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Break out your calculator for these or it will take you all day. Aspartame has the formula C14H18N2O5. Use the Periodic Table to add up all those atomic masses to get a molar mass of 294g/mol. Now, divide the mass of each constituent element (times the subscript) by the total to get the percents:
For carbon, it's 14(12)=168, 168/294=.57, which is 57% carbon.
For hydrogen, it's 18(1)=18, 18/294=.06, which is 6% hydrogen.
For nitogen, it's 2(14)=28, 28/294=.1, which is 10% nitrogen.
For oxygen, it's 5(16)=80, 80/294=0.27, which is 27% oxygen.
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