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It is not a vacuum pump but it is an air pump. It makes the exhaust cleaner. This pump robs horsepower from the engine. More gasoline must be used to compensate for the loss of horsepower. More hydrocarbons are produced from more gasoline usage. The air pump blows oxygen rich air into the unburned hydrocarbon mixture so that we can make a measurement at the tail pipe to prove that we are not damaging the environment. It is against the law to tamper with this ingenious system. It is kind of like cutting down trees to make paper on which to write laws about cutting down trees to make paper... The catylitic converter(s) get much more efficient when clean air is pumped into the exhaust. Yes it does cause us to consume more fuel for the same unit of work. However, the overall (measured) emissions for the same unit of work is actually lower than the same system without the pump even though you have burned more fuel.

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Q: What is the purpose of the vacumn air pump on the right front side of the engine in a 1991 Mercury Grand Marquis?
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