You mean the smallest particle of an element that still retains that element's properties. It is the atom. Even one atom of, say, carbon is still carbon. Cut it up any further and you no longer have carbon.
An Atom. An atom contains protons , neutrons and electrons. The number of protons in an atom gives it its characteristics. e.g. Hydrogen has ONE proton. Carbon has SIX protons. et seq/.
The atom. Anything smaller is an atomic particle from which all elements are made.
All atoms have the same parts (protons,neutrons and electrons ). they just differ in number. So i don't think there's a smallest part of an atom that can keep all properties of an element. An element is defined by its Z number, which is the number of protons it has.
An atom is the smallest piece of an element. Said another way, and element is made up one and only one kind of atoms.
By definition, an atom of an element is the smallest particle of the element that retains its chemical properties. The answer is "an atom of carbon." A group of 6 protons. It could have 6 neutrons and 6 electrons, but it does not necessarily have to. It could have a different amount of neutrons and hence a different weight (an isotope), or a different number of electrons and be electrically charged (an ion). These are all still considered to be carbon atoms and chemically act as carbon.
It has similar properties to the element with proton number 20, which is calcium.
the number of electrons that fill the outer shell
Hydrogen
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom will determine its chemical identity. Only that. The number of neutrons can vary a bit, depending on the element, and we call these variations isotopes of that element. Electron count will match proton count only in a neutral atom. Rememeber that atoms loan out and borrow electrons, which is what chemistry is all about.
The solid element with the lowest atomic number is lithium, with an atomic number of 3.
The chemical properties of an element depend on its electron configuration, which is in turn determined by the number of protons. Isotopes of an element differ in the number of neutrons, which, being neutral, have not influence on chemical properties.
Hydrogen is a gas element. It had the smallest atomic number.