It is called the solera system and it consists of progressively adding older Sherry to newer Sherry.
Wine
Sherry is a wine that is fortified with brandy. Medium dry sherry is a cooking wine that is used in a variety of recipes.
Julian Jeffs has written: 'Sherry' -- subject(s): Sherry, Sherry industry, Wine and wine making, History 'Wine & food of Portugal and Madeira'
No
No, vinegar contains no wine and tastes very different than sherry.
I would not recomment it. Sherry is a fortified red wine. You can use vinegar or lemon juice in most recipes calling for white wine.
Jerez, Spain.
No, because sauternes is a sweet white wine, while marsala and sherry are red and can be dry.
Xeres wine is an archaic form of the name for sherry.
Sherry is a type of fortified wine, meaning that after the initial fermentation and aging process, another spirit is added.
No, because sherry is red and it tastes different, so unless you want your food to change color and taste, don't substitute sherry for white wine.
No. Sherry wine is a drinkable sherry, that can be used in cooking, while sherry vinegar is used only for cooking.