What legal devises did Southern states use to exclude most of their black citizens from voting?

Answer 1

What happened after the Civil War?After the Civil War, the Union sent troops into the South to enforce rules created to make the blacks equal with the whites, but during the 1877 election, the early returns pointed out Samuel Tidden, a democrat, as the winner. The Republicans challanged the results and a special electoral commission declared Hays, the republican, as winner. The democrats protested and Hays made a deal. In exchange for the presidency, he orderd all of the remaing Unoin troops out of the South. The North was already growing tired of their men still being in the south and hardly anyone protested. The governors and officials in the South then created the "Black codes", which usually said either everyone had to be able to explain the constitution, (which they made simple for whites and impossible for blacks), or that if their grandfather could vote, than they could. The majority of the black people's grandfathers had been slaves and not allowed to vote. Officials also sometimes said that blacks had to be able to pass a literacy test, which was also impossible. Most of the blacks then, could not vote. Those who could were often bribed & threatened, beaten, or blackmailed if they attemped to vote. Some were just killed to get out of the way. These "laws" were dubed "Jim Crow", after a clown who pretended to be an old, drunk black man and danced around, not caring about anything but his drink. This was a cruel and horrible time for the blacks. Who sometimes were driven to thinking that death was better than life.