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Use the dollar symbol $

For example, if you were copying and pasting a formula and wanted to ensure that the column never changed, then you would type something like this

=D5*$A1

If you wanted you wanted to lock both row and column then the same example would read

=D5*$A$1

Each time you copy then paste the formula, everything will change apart from anything that has the $ symbol in front of it

Hope that helps

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Q: What locks one part of a cell reference while the other part can change in microsoft excel?
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What Keeps a cell reference constant when copying a formula or function?

If you want to copy a formula from one cell to another (or fill down) without Excel changing the cell references automatically, you'll need to write the cell references with dollar signs included for absolute referencing. Eg: the reference '$D3' locks the reference to column 'D' but allows the row to change when the cell is copied. Eg: the reference 'D$3' locks the reference to row '3' but allows the column to change when the cell is copied. Eg: the reference '$D$3' locks the reference to column 'D' and row '3', so the cell reference cannot change at all when the cell is copied. While you are typing in a cell reference, pressing the 'F4' key will cycle through the combinations for you, so you don't need to type the dollar signs yourself.


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Would it be a mixed or relative cell reference to copy the same formula in cell C13 to cell D13?

What determines what type of reference a cell is, is how it is typed, not what happens when you copy it. It is the type of reference that influences how it changes when it is copied, not the other way around. If the formula does not change at all, it would be an absolute reference. The cell references would all have 2 dollars, like $C$5. If it does change, it can be either a mixed or a relative reference. A mixed reference will have one dollar sign, either $C5 or C$5. What direction it is copied will and how it changes, is determined by which dollar you have. The first dollar locks the column, and the second dollar locks the row. A relative reference has no dollars. Copying a formula from C13 to D13, will change the column references only, so if the cell reference is the first kind of mixed, then it won't change.


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